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Formation and evolution behavior of inclusions in Al-killed resulfurized free-cutting steel with magnesium treatment

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Abstract

To reveal the formation and evolution behavior of inclusions during magnesium treatment and resulfurization in Al-killed free-cutting steel, both laboratory experiments and thermodynamic calculations were carried out. The extracted samples were polished and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The results indicated that MgO formed immediately and then transferred to MgO·Al2O3 with the homogenization of [Mg] in steel in the case of low magnesium addition (w[Mg] < 0.0020%). However, MgO would keep stable in the case of high magnesium addition (w[Mg] ≥ 0.0020%). In the process of resulfurization, the addition of sulfur forced the transformation of MgO to MgO·Al2O3 accompanied with the formation of MgS if the mass fraction of [S] in steel was in the range 0.15%–0.70%. MgS precipitated as a solid solution containing a quantity of MnS, and the composition of the sulfide solution was calculated to be (Mg0.85Mn0.15)S when the mass fraction of [Mn] was 1.2%. The formation mechanisms of inclusions after magnesium and sulfur additions were discussed comprehensively, and proper models for the evolution of inclusions were set up.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. NSFC 51674069) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFC0805100).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory for Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Ores (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, Liaoning, China

    Qing-song Zhang, Yi Min, Jiu-jian Xu & Cheng-jun Liu

  2. School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, Liaoning, China

    Qing-song Zhang, Yi Min, Jiu-jian Xu & Cheng-jun Liu

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  1. Qing-song Zhang
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  2. Yi Min
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  3. Jiu-jian Xu
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Correspondence to Yi Min.

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Zhang, Qs., Min, Y., Xu, Jj. et al. Formation and evolution behavior of inclusions in Al-killed resulfurized free-cutting steel with magnesium treatment. J. Iron Steel Res. Int. 27, 631–642 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42243-020-00401-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42243-020-00401-4

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