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Evaporation Characteristics and Morphological Evolutions of Fuel Droplets After Hitting Different Wettability Surfaces

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Abstract

To solve the wall-wetting problem in internal combustion engines, the physical and chemical etching methods are used to prepare different wettability surfaces with various microstructures. The evaporation characteristics and morphological evolution processes of diesel and n-butanol droplets after hitting the various surfaces are investigated. The results show that the surface microstructures increase the surface roughness (Ra), enhancing the oleophilic property of the oleophilic surfaces. Compared with n-butanol droplets, the same surface shows stronger oleophobicity to diesel droplets. When a droplet hits an oleophilic property surface with a lower temperature, the stronger the oleophilicity, the shorter the evaporation time. For oleophilic surfaces, larger Ra leads to a higher Leidenfrost temperature (\(T_{{{\text{Leid}}}}\)). The low \(T_{{{\text{Leid}}}}\) caused by enhanced oleophobicity, dense microstructures and increased convex dome height facilitates droplet rebound and promotes the evaporation of the wall-impinging droplets into the cylinder. The evaporation rate of the droplets is not only related to the characteristics of the solid surfaces and the fuel droplets but also affected by the heat transfer rate to the droplets in different boiling regimes. The spreading diameter of a droplet on an oleophobic surface varies significantly less with time than that on an oleophilic surface under the same surface temperature.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project code: 51676084), Jilin Province Specific Project of Industrial Technology Research & Development (Project code: 2020C025-2), Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province (Project code: 20220101212JC), Free Exploration Project of Changsha Automotive Innovation Research Institute of Jilin University (Project code: JCZT20220202) and 2021 “Interdisciplinary Integration and Innovation” Project of Jilin University (Project code: XJRCYB07).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun, 130025, China

    Yanling Chen, Liang Guo, Wanchen Sun, Degang Li, Han Wang & Rong Xuan

  2. School of Business and Management, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China

    Ningning Cai

  3. Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK

    Yuying Yan

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  1. Yanling Chen
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Correspondence to Wanchen Sun.

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Chen, Y., Guo, L., Cai, N. et al. Evaporation Characteristics and Morphological Evolutions of Fuel Droplets After Hitting Different Wettability Surfaces. J Bionic Eng 20, 734–747 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42235-022-00293-y

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