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Fabrication, characterization, and properties of hydroxyapatite ceramics derived from cockle shell

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Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) powder was synthesized through a precipitation method using waste cockle shell as a calcium source. HAp powder had a single phase of Ca5(PO4)3OH with a Ca/P ratio of 1.77. The crystals were rod-like, 80–110 nm long, and 20–30 nm wide. HAp ceramics sintered below 1350 °C in air resulted in ceramics with a stable HAp phase. The formation of β-tricalcium phosphate impaired the flexural strength of the specimen. The microhardness increased with sintering temperature due to the modification of density and porosity. The chemical solubility in acetic acid was related to density, porosity, and grain size. HAp ceramic sintered at 1250 °C provided appropriate properties for medical and dental applications. This ceramic had a grain size of 1.44 ± 0.37 µm, a density of 2.85 ± 0.01 g/cm3, a microhardness of 4.17 ± 2.37 GPa, a porosity of 10.3 ± 0.71%, a flexural strength of 46.13 ± 4.53 MPa, and a chemical solubility of 2.64 ± 0.10%.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Mr. Thomas Duncan Coyne for editing the English text.

Funding

This work was financially supported by a Basic Research Grant from the Prince of Songkla University under the contract no. SCI6302056S and the Faculty of Science Research Fund, Prince of Songkla University, under the contract no.1–2564-02–005.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Materials Science Program, Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand

    Siriwadee Sri-o-sot & Tawat Chanadee

  2. Chemistry Program, Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand

    Klatnatee Vepulanont

  3. Mining and Materials Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand

    Chutima Kamkit

  4. National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTEC), Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand

    Thapanee Srichumpong

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  1. Siriwadee Sri-o-sot
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Sri-o-sot, S., Vepulanont, K., Kamkit, C. et al. Fabrication, characterization, and properties of hydroxyapatite ceramics derived from cockle shell. J Aust Ceram Soc 58, 1081–1093 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41779-022-00757-8

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