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Trading Tones: Exploring the Soundscape of Human Trafficking in Spanish Colonial Panama

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Abstract

Set in the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Old Panama (1519–1671), the House of the Genoese––Slavery Memorial Museum project brings together the lessons of over a decade of archaeological and archival research concentrating on the ruins of one of the largest centers of human trafficking to have operated in Spanish America in the late 1600s. Building upon a growing body of literature addressing phenomenological approaches in historical archaeology and museum studies, this article explores how an object-based reenactment of the soundscape of Old Panama’s slave market can allow the rethinking of its remains as a powerful lieu de mémoire, critically showcasing the difficult legacy of the transatlantic slave trade. Moving beyond traditional visual cues tending to essentialize the experience of both slavers and the enslaved in the New World, this preliminary work examines the acoustic dimensions of the slave trade as a relevant field of memorialization.

Resumen

Ubicado en el conjunto monumental histórico de Panamá Viejo (1519–1671), declarado Patrimonio Cultural por la UNESCO, el proyecto Casa de los Genoveses––Museo Memorial de la Esclavitud reúne las lecciones de más de una década de investigación arqueológica y de archivo concentrándose en las ruinas de uno de los mayores centros de tráfico que operaba en Hispanoamérica a fines del siglo XVII. Sobre la base de un creciente cuerpo de literatura que aborda enfoques fenomenológicos en la arqueología histórica y estudios de museos, en este artículo se explora cómo una recreación basada en objetos del paisaje sonoro del mercado de esclavos de Panamá Viejo puede permitir repensar sus restos como un poderoso lieu de mémoire, mostrando críticamente el difícil legado de la trata transatlántica de esclavos. Más allá de las señales visuales tradicionales que tienden a esencializar la experiencia tanto de los esclavizados como de los esclavistas en el Nuevo Mundo, este trabajo preliminar examina las dimensiones acústicas de la trata de esclavos como un campo relevante de memorialización.

Résumé

Situé sur le site du du Vieux Panama (1519–1671), inscrit au Patrimoine Mondial de l’UNESCO, le projet Maison des Génois––Musée Mémorial de l’Esclavage rassemble les enseignements tirés de plus d’une décennie de recherche archéologique et d’archives se concentrant sur les ruines de l’un des plus grands centres de traffic d’êtres humains ayant fonctionné dans l’Amérique espagnole à la fin des années 1600. S’appuyant sur un corpus croissant de publications traitant d’approches phénoménologiques dans l’archéologie historique et les études de musée, cet article explore comment la reconstitution à base d’objets du paysage sonore du marché d’esclaves du Vieux Panama peut permettre de repenser ses ruines comme un lieu de mémoire puissant, mettant en scène de manière critique la difficile histoire de la traite d’esclaves transatlantique. Se positionnant au-delà des signaux visuels traditionnels qui tendent à essentialiser l’expérience tant des esclavisés que des escalavagistes dans le Nouveau Monde, ces travaux préliminaires examinent les dimensions acoustiques de la traite d’esclaves en tant que domaine pertinent de mémorialisation.

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Notes

  1. Several of these bells were excavated in the area surrounding the warehouses of the House of the Genoese. Traditionally identified as colonial mule bells, these peculiar artifacts also find their present-day counterpart in those sewn to the bottom hem of the devil costumes worn during the Congo Festival in Portobello.

  2. Such coffers were described in the inventory the royal authorities in Panama made of the valuables in the House of the Genoese following a seizure order issued against Grillo and Lomellino by the Royal Council of the Indies in 1666 (AGI 1666).

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  1. Unidad de Arqueología Preventiva y de Rescate, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18 A–10/12, Bogota, Colombia

    Felipe Gaitán Ammann

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Gaitán Ammann, F. Trading Tones: Exploring the Soundscape of Human Trafficking in Spanish Colonial Panama. Hist Arch 56, 199–216 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41636-022-00342-7

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