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Response of benthic foraminiferal assemblages to contrasting environments during the Aalenian–Bajocian in the Iberia: a case study from the Talveila section (Iberian Range) and Murtinheira section (Lusitanian Basin)

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Abstract

This paper analyses the composition of the foraminiferal assemblages recorded in two different depositional contexts located in Iberia for the lower Aalenian–lower Bajocian stratigraphical interval: the Talveila section, corresponding to proximal facies within the Iberian Basin (NE Spain), and the Murtinheira section representing distal facies within the Lusitanian Basin (Western Portugal). The obtained specimens (10,736 in total) correspond to 6 suborders, 10 superfamilies, 16 families and 30 genera in Talveila, and 6 suborders, 9 superfamilies, 14 families and 26 genera in Murtinheira. Several biostratigraphic units based on the foraminiferal record and accurately calibrated with the ammonite record were recognized in both sections. Moreover, bioevents based on the first or last appearances of a taxon, significant changes in the abundance of one or several taxa or noticeable changes in diversity of the assemblages were also identified. The palaeoecological analysis shows that the foraminiferal assemblages from both sections were developed in a well-oxygenated and normal salinity shelf environment. The application of diversity indexes indicates that the paleoenvironmental conditions did not remain constant throughout the studied stratigraphic interval; changes recognized in both sections are similar, coeval and correspond to three intervals representing paleoenvironmental conditions more or less favourable for the development of the foraminiferal assemblages. As so, despite the different paleogeographical locations, the development of the assemblages in both sections during the Early Aalenian–Early Bajocian seem to have been conditioned by environmental changes of regional scale, which affected at the same time both the Iberian and the Lusitanian basins.

Resumen

En este trabajo se analiza la composición de las asociaciones de foraminíferos registradas en dos contextos deposicionales diferentes, localizados en Iberia, para el intervalo estratigráfico Aaleniense inferior- Bajociense inferior. La sección de Talveila corresponde a facies proximales de la Cuenca Ibérica (NE España), y la sección de Murtinheira representa facies distales de la Cuenca Lusitánica (O de Portugal). Los ejemplares obtenidos (10736 en total) corresponden a 6 subórdenes, 10 superfamilias, 16 familias y 30 géneros en Talveila y 6 subórdenes, 9 superfamilias, 14 familias y 26 géneros en Murtinheira. Se han reconocido en ambas secciones algunas unidades bioestratigráficas basadas en el registro foraminíferos, y calibradas con precisión con el registro de ammonoideos. Además, se han identificado bioeventos basados en la primera o la última aparición de un taxón, cambios significativos en la abundancia de uno o varios taxones o cambios significativos en la diversidad de las asociaciones. El análisis paleoecológico realizado pone de manifiesto que en ambas secciones las asociaciones de foraminíferos se desarrollaron en un ambiente de plataforma bien oxigenada y con salinidad normal. Los resultados obtenidos tras la aplicación de varios índices de diversidad indican que las condiciones paleoambientales no fueron constantes durante todo el intervalo estratigráfico analizado; los cambios reconocidos en ambas secciones son similares y se corresponden con tres intervalos que representan condiciones paleoambientales más o menos favorables para el desarrollo de las asociaciones de foraminíferos. Por lo tanto, a pesar de las diferentes ubicaciones paleogeográficas de las secciones estudiadas, el desarrollo de las asociaciones en ambas durante el Aaleniense inferior - Bajociense inferior parece haber estado condicionado por cambios ambientales de escala regional, que afectaron tanto a la Cuenca Ibérica como a la Cuenca Lusitánica.

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(after Hernández 2015)

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Dr. Alejandra García-Frank and an anonymous reviewer for the careful revision of the manuscript and hopeful suggestions and comments which have contributed for the improvement of its final version. Also to Dr. Kaminski for the critical review of the manuscript. This work was supported by FCT—Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., through Portuguese funds, in the research project UID/Multi/00073/2013 of the GeosciencesCenter of the University of Coimbra (Portugal). The study is a contribution for the Projects CGL2011-23947, CGL2011-25894 and CGL2015-66604-R (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain) and for the Grupo de Investigación UCM 910431 (Complutense University, Madrid, Spain). The laboratory work was supported by the Petrobras-Galp-Partex Consortium of Portugal. The authors are grateful to the Centro Nacional de Microscopía Electrónica (Complutense University of Madrid, Spain) for the SEM photographs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Earth Sciences, Geosciences Centre, University of Coimbra (Polo II), Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal

    L. Hernández & M. H. Henriques

  2. Department of Geodynamic, Stratigraphy and Paleontology, Faculty of Geological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, C/José Antonio Novais 12, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    M. L. Canales

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  1. L. Hernández
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  2. M. L. Canales
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  3. M. H. Henriques
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Correspondence to L. Hernández.

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Hernández, L., Canales, M.L. & Henriques, M.H. Response of benthic foraminiferal assemblages to contrasting environments during the Aalenian–Bajocian in the Iberia: a case study from the Talveila section (Iberian Range) and Murtinheira section (Lusitanian Basin). J Iber Geol 44, 447–478 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41513-018-0067-1

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