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Factors Influencing the Dynamic Shear Modulus and Damping Ratio of Granulated Rubber–Clay Mixtures in Xiong’an New Area

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Abstract

In this study, the dynamic properties of a mixture of granulated rubber and locally sourced Xiong’an clay are investigated, to promote the beneficial use of rubber–clay mixture (RCM) as a seismic isolation material in this area. A series of cyclic triaxial tests in the shear strain range of 10–4 ~ 10–2 is conducted, considering various scenarios of granulated rubber content, effective confining pressure, water content, dry density, cycle number, and consolidation time. The influences of these factors on the dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio of RCM are investigated and dominant factors are revealed. The results show that the shear modulus of RCM decreases with increasing rubber and water content whereas an opposite trend appears for the increased confining pressure, dry density, and consolidation time. Rubber content appears to be a dominant factor for the normalized shear modulus. The damping ratio of RCM is significantly related to the rubber content and effective confining pressure. A shear strain threshold of about 0.3% is observed concerning the influence of rubber content on the damping ratio. The G/Gmax ~ γ and D ~ γ curves of RCM can be well described by the Hardin–Drnevich model. Based on the test results, correlations of the parameters of the Hardin–Drnevich model with rubber content and effective confining pressure are developed. The proposed empirical formulas can provide a useful guide in the estimation of dynamic properties of RCM for the preliminary design calculations before detailed laboratory measurements have been performed in the study area.

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Availability of Data and Materials

All data used during the study are available from the corresponding author by request.

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Funding

The work was financially supported by the Chunhui Program of Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (E2022201021) and the Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department (ZD2020157).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China

    Aochong Liang, Qiangqiang Sun & Hongshuai Liu

  2. Institute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration, Harbin, 150080, China

    Hongshuai Liu

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  1. Aochong Liang
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Correspondence to Qiangqiang Sun.

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Appendix

Appendix

The result of the compaction test is shown in Fig. 21. The tests were carried out using a heavy compaction test (hammer weight: 4.5 kg, drop height: 457 mm, unit volume compaction power: 2684.9 kJ/m3, three layers and 95 times for each layer). The dry density for each sample with different RC was controlled based on the approximately 80% maximum dry density.

Fig. 21
figure 21

Variation of the maximum dry density with water content for various rubber contents

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Liang, A., Sun, Q. & Liu, H. Factors Influencing the Dynamic Shear Modulus and Damping Ratio of Granulated Rubber–Clay Mixtures in Xiong’an New Area. Int J Civ Eng (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-023-00925-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-023-00925-2

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