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Quantifying Drag Coefficients Due to an Isolated Circular Vegetation Patch

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Abstract

The role of a circular vegetated patch size that emerged in stream flows has not yet been fully investigated. In this study, a circular patch was investigated to explore the influence of the patch diameter in terms of vegetation density and cylinder configuration in terms of blockage impact on the calculated drag coefficient CD. Four patch diameters (25, 50, 75 and 100 mm) and two cylinder configurations, i.e. Type A (staggered) and Type B (linear), for a constant number of cylinders were investigated. Under uniform flow depth, the conditions in the flume are subcritical with a Froude number Fr of less than 0.52, a stem Reynolds number of 841–1,813 and a patch Reynolds number of 5,993–30,333. Results showed that the distribution pattern of the vegetation elements has a considerable effect on the rating curve. The CD–Fr relationship exhibited a regular exponential decline with an R2 of more than 0.95. The reported data showed an excellent agreement to the drag coefficient equation used in Cheng et al. Results showed that the smallest patch diameter (2.5 cm) model has the highest drag coefficient in comparison with other patch diameters (5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 cm). In addition, results showed that the values of the bulk drag coefficients have not influenced the two vegetation arrangements. Finally, in the staggered model, sheltering was numerically trapped between the wakes around the cylinders. By contrast, in the linear arrangement, sheltering does not occur.

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Acknowledgements

The work is supported by Mustansiriyah University (www.uomustansiriyah.edu.iq), Baghdad, Iraq. The authors highly appreciate all the staff of the Hydraulics Laboratory, Water Resource Engineering Department at the Mustansiriyah University for their help in carrying out the experiments of this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Water Resources Engineering, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, 10047, Iraq

    Huda T. Hamad, Saad Mulahasan, Shaymaa A. Al-Hashimi & Abdul-Sahib T. Al-Madhhachi

  2. Department of Transportation and Highway Engineering, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, 10047, Iraq

    Nagham Rajaa

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  1. Huda T. Hamad
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Correspondence to Abdul-Sahib T. Al-Madhhachi.

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Hamad, H.T., Mulahasan, S., Rajaa, N. et al. Quantifying Drag Coefficients Due to an Isolated Circular Vegetation Patch. Int J Civ Eng 22, 55–73 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-023-00877-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-023-00877-7

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