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SEM Gamma Prime Observation in a Thermal and Stress Analysis of a First-stage Rene’ 80H gas Turbine Blade: Numerical and Experimental Investigation

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Abstract

In this paper, a 3D model of a gas turbine used in a single-stage turbojet engine, including stator and rotor, is considered for structural and thermal analysis. A modified conjugate heat transfer (CHT) method is used in a developed computer code to predict heat flux and the coupled non-adiabatic external flow field and temperature field on the blades. The thermo-elastic behavior of one blade made of Rene’ 80H is studied by the finite element method, where the temperature distribution, and the thermal and centrifugal stresses are calculated. Thermal stresses are studied for the materials with temperature-dependent properties and are compared to those with constant material parameters, E (T), α (T) and K (T). To have a complete CHT procedure, a unique consideration is utilized to link the boundary conditions. To verify the CHT method and temperature distribution on the blade, an experimental study is carried out during a metallographic study in the laboratory. A scanning electron microscopy is used to observe microstructures in different sections of the target blade. The precipitation of the blade carbides and grain type and size characterization are discussed to verify the results. The results indicate (through the size of γ′ and MC type) an increased temperature in different levels of a blade from root to tip. The alloy deterioration mostly occurs in the critical areas where blade’s mechanical properties decrease considerably.

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Abbreviations

\(\alpha^{*}\) :

Coefficient of turbulent viscosity

\(\alpha (1/{\text{K}})\) :

Coefficient of thermal expansion

\(e\) :

Specific total energy

\(F_{1}\) :

Mixing function in Menter’s k–ω models

\(\tilde{G}_{\text{k}}\) :

Flux vector (Cartesian coordinate)

\(G_{\text{k}}\) :

Generation of turbulent kinetic energy due to mean velocity gradients

\(E({\text{N}}/{\text{m}}^{2} )\) :

Young’s modulus

F, G :

Flux vectors (body-fitted coordinate)

\(h({\text{W}}/{\text{m}}^{2} \;{\text{K}})\) :

Coefficient of heat transfer

\(h_{\text{e}}\) :

Estimated convective heat transfer

J :

Cell volume

\(K({\text{W}}/{\text{m}}\,{\text{K}})\) :

Thermal conductivity

\(q({\text{W}}/{\text{m}}^{2} )\) :

Heat flux

\(\$ (N/m^{2} )\) :

Stress tensor

\(S_{\text{k}} ,S_{\omega }\) :

User-defined source terms

T (K):

Temperature

u :

Displacement

U :

Vector in Cartesian coordinate system

\(u_{i} ({\text{m}}/{\text{s}})\) :

Velocity components

y + :

Non-dimensional wall coordinate

\(c_{p} ({\text{J}}/{\text{kg}}\,{\text{K}})\) :

Specific heat

ρ(kg/m3):

Density

\(\delta\) :

Unit tensor

\(\tau_{ij} ({\text{N}}/{\text{mm}}^{2} )\) :

Components of shear stress tensor

\(\sigma_{\text{k}} ,\sigma_{\omega }\) :

Turbulent Prandtl number for k and ω

\(\mu ({\text{Pa}}\,{\text{s}})\) :

Dynamic viscosity

\(\mu_{\text{t}} ({\text{Pa}}\,{\text{s}})\) :

Turbulent viscosity

\(\beta^{*}\) :

Model coefficient

\(\omega\) :

Second scale variable in the k–ω models

\(\upsilon\) :

Poisson’s ratio

F:

Fluid

i:

Index

s:

Solid

t:

Turbulent

w:

Wall

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Acknowledgement

The authors would like to express their sincere gratitude to the University of Science and Technology, Iran, for providing Metrology and Material laboratory facilities on- and off-campus to perform experimental testing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC, USA

    Javad Khalesi & Sina Modaresahmadi

  2. Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran

    Gholamali Atefi

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  1. Javad Khalesi
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  2. Sina Modaresahmadi
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  3. Gholamali Atefi
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Correspondence to Javad Khalesi.

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Khalesi, J., Modaresahmadi, S. & Atefi, G. SEM Gamma Prime Observation in a Thermal and Stress Analysis of a First-stage Rene’ 80H gas Turbine Blade: Numerical and Experimental Investigation. Iran J Sci Technol Trans Mech Eng 43, 613–626 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40997-018-0235-0

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