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Evaluation of Strength Behavior of Aggregates Mixed with Tire Chips in Granular Piles

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Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Civil Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper discusses the assessment of optimum mix proportions of aggregates and tire chips based on shear strength and index properties (unit weight and specific gravity) for applications in granular piles/stone columns. Tire chips of cubical size 10 mm × 10 mm × 10 mm and aggregates passing through 12.5 mm, but retained on 10 mm were used. The aggregates and tire chips were mixed using the volumetric mix proportions (aggregates: tire chips) (%) of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100. Large direct shear tests under normal stresses of 50, 100, and 150 kPa were performed on these mix proportions. The optimum mixing ratio is a function of void ratio and shear strength of mixture. Based on findings from experiments, the optimum content of tire chips has been found to be 25% by weight, which is equivalent to 44.4% by volume. The results from unit weight and specific gravity tests indicate that the void ratio of the mixture decreased up to the tire chips content of 50% and again increased with 100% content by weight. The results from large direct shear tests have shown that the percentage decrease in shear strength of aggregates due to addition of 25% tire chips by weight is 4.6%. Also, the angle of internal friction slightly decreased by 3° and cohesion value increased by 3.1 kPa due to addition of 25% tire chips by weight. The addition of tire chips enables the aggregate to become ductile in nature, and its dilation value and shear modulus values are decreased. The bearing capacity of granular pile has been defined in terms of improvement factor and loss of improvement is found to be only 12%, but replacement of aggregate with 25% tire chips by weight is the best solution in terms of cost-effectiveness and sustainability.

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Abbreviations

ϲ :

Undrained cohesion of mix proportion (kPa)

e :

Void ratio (dimensionless)

E c :

Elastic modulus of the soil (kPa)

F mp :

Influence factor for any mix proportion (dimensionless)

G :

Specific gravity from laboratory (dimensionless)

G m (cal) :

Specific gravity from formula (dimensionless)

G 50 :

Secant shear modulus of mixture (MPa)

I D :

Relative density (dimensionless)

k p :

Passive coefficient (dimensionless)

\(k_{{{\text{pa}}}}\) :

Passive coefficient for a granular pile with 100% aggregates

\({k}_{{p}_{mp}}\) :

Passive coefficient for a granular pile with any mix proportion

p t :

Tire chips (%)

\({q}_{u}\) :

Ultimate load carrying capacity of granular/stone column (kPa)

\({{q}_{u}}_{ag}\) :

Ultimate bearing capacity of granular pile with 100% aggregates (kPa)

\({q}_{{u}_{mp}}\) :

Ultimate bearing capacity of granular pile with any mix proportion (kPa)

τ :

Shear stress (kPa)

V m :

Volume of mold (m3)

V s :

Volume of solids (m3)

V v :

Volume of voids (m3)

W ag :

Weight of aggregates in mixture (kg)

W m :

Weight of aggregates and tire chips mixture (kg)

W tc :

Weight of tire chips in mixture (kg)

ϕ :

Angle of internal friction of mix proportion (°)

ψ :

Dilatancy angle (°)

σ :

Normal stress (kPa)

∂y :

Incremental vertical deformation (mm)

∂x :

Incremental shear deformation (mm)

ε :

Shear strain (mm)

σ ro :

Initial effective radial stress (kPa)

\(\mu\) :

Poisson’s ratio (dimensionless)

γ d :

Dry unit weight at 70% relative density (kN/m3)

γ dmax :

Maximum dry unit weight (kN/m3)

γ dmin :

Minimum dry unit weight (kN/m3)

100% AG + 0% TC:

100% Aggregates + 0% tire chips

75% AG + 25% TC:

75% Aggregates + 25% tire chips

50% AG + 50% TC:

50% Aggregates + 50% tire chips

25% AG + 75% TC:

25% Aggregates + 75% tire chips

0% AG + 100% TC:

0% Aggregates + 100% tire chips

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India

    N. Muni Pradeep & Suresh Kumar

  2. Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering Research Group, School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Perth, WA, 6027, Australia

    Sanjay Kumar Shukla

  3. Department of Civil Engineering, BIT Sindri, Sindri, India

    Sanjay Kumar Shukla

Authors
  1. N. Muni Pradeep
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  2. Suresh Kumar
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  3. Sanjay Kumar Shukla
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Suresh Kumar.

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Pradeep, N.M., Kumar, S. & Shukla, S.K. Evaluation of Strength Behavior of Aggregates Mixed with Tire Chips in Granular Piles. Iran J Sci Technol Trans Civ Eng 48, 81–96 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40996-023-01155-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40996-023-01155-1

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