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Effects of enset-based land use system on infiltration rate and curve number of the soil in Meki river watershed, Western Lake Ziway Sub-Basin, Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia

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Abstract

Background

Enset-based land use system (EBLUS) exhibits good carbon stock and infiltration rate equivalent to forest covered areas, which enhances infiltration rate and water holding capacity of the soil and it can also reduces the curve number (CN) of the soil but it was not considered in former studies in Meki river watershed. Therefore, this study was planned to articulate the influence of EBLUS on infiltration rate and CN of the soil and also to interpolate the CN matrix of EBLUS relative to other LUSs with established hydrological characteristics in the watershed. The soil type data collected from Ministry of Water, Irrigation and Energy (MOWIE) and verified by Harmonized World Soil Database (HWSD) was used to determine the Hydrologic soil group (HSG) of the watershed. Land cover considering EBLUS was classified using ERDAS Imagine 2014 while other watershed parameters were generated from Digital Elevation Model (DEM). Infiltration rate of the soil was measured using Amozi-meter (Hood infiltro-meter) under different LUSs and considered in EBLUS CN matrix interpolation. HEC-Geo-HMS model, Geo-statistical tool, SPSS and MS-Excel were used to interpolate CN matrix of EBLUS relative to other LUSs.

Result

The field measurement results show that an infiltration rate of 12.9675, 11.1875, 10.375, 7.065 and 12.8125 mm h−1 for Natural Forest LUS, Grassland and plantation LUS, cultivated LUS, Bare/built-up LUS and EBLUS, respectively. The resulting CN matrix of EBLUS was 39, 51.5, 58.3 and 61.6 for HSG of A, B, C and D, respectively. There was higher infitration rate and lower CN matrix in EBLUS relative to other land use systems with formerly established hydrological parameters.

Conclusion and recommendations

The relatively high infiltration rate of the soil and a significant reduction in mean CN of the watershed shows the high role of EBLUS in water resources management. Therefore, escalating EBLUS will increase infiltration rate and reduce the CN of the soil which reduces runoff volume in the watershed and it ensures the sustainability of water bodies such as Lake Ziway by reducing sedimentation.

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Availability of data and material

Data are acquired from Ministry of Water, Irrigation & Electricity (MOWIE) of Ethiopia for flow data, Ethiopian Meteorological Agency (EMA) for meteorological data, Ethiopian Central Statistical Agency (ECSA) for population data, Ethiopian Geospatial & Mapping Agency (EGMA) for Satellite images and topo-maps, Satellite images from USGS earth explorer and field materials acquired from Ethiopian Institute of Water Resources (EIWR) in Addis Ababa University.

Abbreviations

DEM:

Digital elevation model

EBLUS:

Enset-based land use system

EGSIA:

Ethiopian geospatial information agency

ENMA:

Ethiopian National Meteorological Agency

ERA:

Ethiopian Road Authority

ERDAS:

Earth resources data acquisition system

GIS:

Geographical information system

GPS:

Geographical positioning system

HEC-GEO-HMS:

Hydrologic Engineering Center’s Geospatial Hydrologic Modeling System

HEC-HMS:

Hydrologic Engineering Center’s Hydrologic Modeling System

HSG:

Hydrologic soil group

HWSD:

Harmonized World Soil Data

LULCC:

Land uses and land cover change

LUSs:

Land use systems

m.a.s.l.:

Meter above sea level

MOWIE:

Ministry of water, irrigation and energy

SCS-CN:

Soil conservation services curve number

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Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of Dr. Feleke Zewge and Dr. Bikila from Addis Ababa University, College of Natural and Computational Sciences and Mr. Mamo Kassegn from Ethiopian Institute of Water Resources. We would like also to thank Azage G. Yohannes (PhD) for his genuine help and contribution to our needs. Unfortunately, we feel so troubled whenever we remember his sudden passing away. We want to express our greatest appreciation to Ministry of Water, Irrigation and Energy (MOWIE) of Ethiopia and National Meteorological Agencies (NMA), Ethiopian Central Statistical Agency (ECSA), Ethiopian Geospatial & Mapping Agency (EGMA) and Ethiopian Institute of Water Resources (EIWR) of Addis Ababa University for providing necessary data, materials, equipment and information for this study. This research was also supported in part by thematic research fund of Addis Ababa University, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management and also supported by student fund from Ethiopian Institute of Water Resources (EIWR) in Addis Ababa University.

Funding

Our research is funded by Addis Ababa University (Student grant and thematic research fund).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Ethiopian Institute of Water Resources, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Alemu Beyene Woldesenbet & Azage Gebreyohannes Gebremariam

  2. Department of Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering, Wolkite University, Welkite, Ethiopia

    Alemu Beyene Woldesenbet

  3. Department of Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Sebsebe Demisew Wudmatas

  4. Centers for Environmental Sciences, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Mekuria Argaw Denboba

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  1. Alemu Beyene Woldesenbet
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Woldesenbet, A.B., Wudmatas, S.D., Denboba, M.A. et al. Effects of enset-based land use system on infiltration rate and curve number of the soil in Meki river watershed, Western Lake Ziway Sub-Basin, Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia. Sustain. Water Resour. Manag. 8, 87 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40899-022-00667-4

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