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Prevalence of mango stem-end rot disease in Côte d'Ivoire and identification of associated fungal pathogens

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Abstract

The Stem-end rot (SER) postharvest disease of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruits is a significant economic threat to mango production. Without proper management strategies, it can lead to up to 100 % postharvest losses. Despite its importance, very little information is known about this disease in Côte d'Ivoire. This research aimed to determine the incidence and severity of SER in mango orchards, assess how preharvest climate parameters affect the disease and determine the pathogenic fungi associated with SER. Mango SER was evaluated on 1500 mango fruits collected from 15 orchards in Boundiali, Ferkéssédougou, Korhogo, Odienné, and Sinématiali departments. Mango SER incidence ranged from 10 % to 30 %, while severity ranged from 5 % to 20 %. No significant differences in these parameters were observed between the different departments (P>0.05). The study also revealed a positive low correlation between SER disease incidence and mean air temperature (r = 0.36) and minimum air temperature (r = 0.26) data, indicating that preharvest weather conditions may have a marginal impact on mango SER disease intensity in the postharvest phase. Pathogenic fungi associated with SER were isolated and identified using morphological characteristics and multilocus sequence analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1-α). Various fungal species associated with mango SER disease were also identified, with Lasiodiplodia species (74%) being the most prevalent (including Lasiodiplodia theobromae, L. euphorbicola, and L. caatinguensis), followed by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Curvularia pseudobrachyspora, Diaporthe endophytica and Fusarium mangiferae. However, only Lasiodiplodia species and Diaporthe endophytica induced SER symptoms. This study was the first ever evaluation of mango SER disease and associated fungal pathogens identification in Côte d'Ivoire. This result will assist researchers in developing a control method for mango SER.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Sequence data from this article can be found in the GenBank data libraries under the different accession numbers mentioned for ITS and tef1- α genes listed in Table 2.

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Acknowledgements

The first author acknowledges the support from the Société Internationale d' Importation (SIIM, France) and the Société de Diverses Prestations et d'Exportations (Sodipex SARL, Côte d’Ivoire) for their technical support. We also thank mango producers for the facilities they provided us during the survey.

Funding

This research was funded by the Partnership for Skills in Applied Sciences, Engineering, and Technology—Regional Scholarship and Innovation Fund (PASET-RSIF), the French Research Institute for Development (IRD, France), and the Fondation Louis Omer DECUGIS (OMER-DECUGIS & CIE - 94538 RUNGIS, FRANCE).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. UPR Physiologie et Pathologie Végétale, Université Félix HOUPHOUËT-BOIGNY, UFR Biosciences, 22 BP 582, Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire

    Yefoungnigui Souleymane Yeo, Yassogui Kone, Elisee Ler-N’Ogn Dadee Georges Amari & Daouda Kone

  2. WASCAL / African Center of Excellence in Climate Change, Biodiversity and Sustainable Agriculture, Pôle Scientifique et d’Innovation, Bingerville, Université Félix HOUPHOUËT-BOIGNY (UFHB), 01 BP V 34, Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire

    Yefoungnigui Souleymane Yeo, Yassogui Kone, Dio Dramane Dembele, Elisee Ler-N’Ogn Dadee Georges Amari & Daouda Kone

  3. UMR PHIM (Plant Health Institute), Univ. Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institute Agro, Montpellier, France

    Yefoungnigui Souleymane Yeo & Diana Fernandez

  4. UFR Sciences Biologiques, Département de Biologie Végétale, Université Péléforo GON COULIBALY (UPCG), B. P 1328, Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire

    Dio Dramane Dembele

  5. HortSys, Université Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France

    Jean-Yves Rey

  6. Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil

    Emerson Medeiros Del Ponte

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  1. Yefoungnigui Souleymane Yeo
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Contributions

Y.S.Y: Conceptualization; Methodology; Resources; Formal analysis ;Roles/Writing - original draft

D. K: Conceptualization; Funding acquisition . Project administration

Y. K: Methodology

D.D. D: Review & editing

E.L.D.G.A.: Roles/Writing - review & editing

JY.R: Funding acquisition; Writing - review & editing

E.M. D. P : Methodology; Formal analysis; Roles/Writing - review & editing

D.F: Conceptualization; Funding acquisition; Methodology; Formal analysis; Roles/Writing - review & editing

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Diana Fernandez.

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E.M.D.P. is the editor-in-chief and D.F. is an associate editor for this journal and their manuscript was independently handled by another member of the editorial board

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Yeo, Y.S., Kone, Y., Dembele, D.D. et al. Prevalence of mango stem-end rot disease in Côte d'Ivoire and identification of associated fungal pathogens. Trop. plant pathol. 49, 367–383 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-024-00636-6

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