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Sensitivity of Brazilian Botrytis cinerea isolates from strawberry to pyrimethanil and its control efficacy

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Abstract

Due to the significant losses caused by the pathogen Botrytis cinerea in strawberry, the use of effective management is highly needed but can be difficult to achieve. Chemical control is the main method used against B. cinerea, but the pathogen has shown resistance to several fungicides worldwide. The fungicide pyrimethanil is registered for strawberry in Brazil, but it is still not widely used by growers in Paraná state. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the sensitivity of B. cinerea isolates to pyrimethanil, to verify possible cross-resistance between pyrimethanil and cyprodinil, and to evaluate the efficacy of pyrimethanil in controlling gray mold. The sensitivity of B. cinerea isolates to pyrimethanil was established based on the EC50 of 100 isolates collected in the state of Paraná in 2017. EC50 values of B. cinerea for pyrimethanil ranged from 0.0052 to 94.07 µg/ml with a mean EC50 value of 6.53 ± 15.17 µg/ml. There was a positive correlation between pyrimethanil and cyprodinil EC50 values (r = 0.83). The efficacy of preventive and curative applications of pyrimethanil, cyprodinil and fludioxonil was evaluated in detached strawberry fruit assays with sensitive and resistant isolates to pyrimethanil. Fludioxonil was the most effective in controlling the disease both isolates and application types. Pyrimethanil and cyprodinil showed greater efficacy when applied using sensitive isolate preventively, with control efficacy of 84.61 and 87.17%, respectively. Overall, pyrimethanil showed good efficacy in the control of gray mold of strawberry and can be recommended for managing the disease, but its use requires monitoring to avoid the selection of resistant isolates in the short term.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This study was financed in part by the ‘Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil’ (CAPES) – Finance Code 001. The fifth and sixth authors thanks the ‘Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico’ (CNPq)/Brazil for the research fellowship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, 80035-050, PR, Brazil

    Juliana Nicolau Maia, Giovana Beger, Isadora Brocco Boldrini, Louise Larissa May De Mio & Henrique da Silva Silveira Duarte

  2. Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL, EUA, 33598, USA

    Natalia Aparecida Peres

Authors
  1. Juliana Nicolau Maia
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  2. Giovana Beger
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  3. Isadora Brocco Boldrini
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  4. Natalia Aparecida Peres
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  5. Louise Larissa May De Mio
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  6. Henrique da Silva Silveira Duarte
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Juliana Nicolau Maia, Giovana Beger, Isadora Brocco Boldrini, Natalia Aparecida Peres, Louise Larissa May De Mio and Henrique da Silva Silveira Duarte. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Juliana Nicolau Maia and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Henrique da Silva Silveira Duarte.

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Maia, J.N., Beger, G., Boldrini, I.B. et al. Sensitivity of Brazilian Botrytis cinerea isolates from strawberry to pyrimethanil and its control efficacy. Trop. plant pathol. 49, 141–146 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-023-00586-5

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