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Screening of Botrytis cinerea isolates from vineyards in Israel for resistance to fungicides

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Abstract

Plots in two vineyards in the Golan Heights, Israel were treated with six botryticides during three growing seasons with 3 applications per season. Applications of fenhexamid, pyrimethanil and cyprodinil + fludioxonil were effective, resulting in 52–65% and 53–63% mean reduction in grey mould incidence and severity, respectively. Carbendazim, fluazinam and iprodione were ineffective or slightly effective. Five hundred and sixteen B. cinerea isolates were collected from infected berries or trapped from the air in the vineyards, and profiles of sensitivity to benomyl, fenhexamid, fluazinam, fludioxonil, iprodione and pyrimethanil were established for each of the isolates based on a mycelial growth test. Seventy-four percent of the isolates were sensitive to the six tested fungicides, and the other 26% of the isolates were classified into 10 phenotypes characterized by resistance to one or more fungicides. Resistant isolates showed fitness parameters similar or reduced in comparison to sensitive isolates. Resistance to benzimidazoles and to dicarboximides was the most frequent (up to 25%) and apparently pre-existed in the populations tested. Increased frequency of benzimidazole resistance, but not dicarboximide resistance, was observed following the 3 years of applications of the fungicides. High level resistance to pyrimethanil was present at a frequency of about 2% in both vineyards in the first 2 years of the sampling survey and reached 10% in the third year at Site 2. A few isolates were resistant to fenhexamid or fludioxonil (0.8 or 0.2%, respectively). No strong resistance to fluazinam was detected, although numerous, less sensitive isolates, presumably possessing multi-drug resistance traits, were recovered at higher frequency from the plots treated with fluazinam than from the untreated plots.

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Acknowledments

This research was partially supported by a fellowship from the Israeli Ministry of Immigration and by the research fund of the Chief Scientist of the Israeli Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, project no. 132-1106-03. The authors acknowledge Ruth Harpaz for her assistance with the disease evaluations and thank Suleiman Farhat for spraying the experiments. Contribution No 521/09 from the ARO, Volcani Center, Institute of Plant Protection.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, ARO, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel

    Nadia Korolev, Mukhiddin Mamiev & Yigal Elad

  2. Extension Service, Ministry of Agriculture, Kiryat-Shemone, Israel

    Tirza Zahavi

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  1. Nadia Korolev
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  2. Mukhiddin Mamiev
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  3. Tirza Zahavi
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  4. Yigal Elad
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Correspondence to Nadia Korolev.

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Korolev, N., Mamiev, M., Zahavi, T. et al. Screening of Botrytis cinerea isolates from vineyards in Israel for resistance to fungicides. Eur J Plant Pathol 129, 591–608 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-010-9723-9

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