Abstract
Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) has received great attention as the promising battery-type anode due to its high theoretical capacity and wide operating voltage window, yet its slow reaction kinetics and poor cyclability are major obstacles affecting the performance of energy storage devices. Herein, by employing the bismuth-based metal-organic framework (MOF) CAU-17 as both the template and precursor, the Bi-Bi2O3 nanoparticles encapsulated in carbon nanorods (Bi-Bi2O3@CNR) are fabricated through pyrolysis combining deliberate oxidation-state modulation. The Bi-Bi2O3@CNR anode exhibits enhanced electrical conductivity, fast reaction kinetics, high specific capacity, and extended lifespan in sodium sulfate electrolyte. The robust, in situ derived carbon matrix as a rod-like nanoreactor and the introduction of metallic bismuth into the bismuth oxide crystalline structure enable the Bi-Bi2O3@CNR electrode to deliver a package of optimal electrochemical performance, as evidenced by substantial physicochemical characterizations, kinetics analysis and density functional theory calculations. Consequently, the neutral aqueous Na-ion battery-supercapacitor hybrid device based on the Bi-Bi2O3@CNR anode and δ-MnO2 cathode can achieve high energy and power densities simultaneously with an ultra-wide potential window of 2.4 V. This work offers an opportunity to develop high-performance Bi2O3-based electrodes by designing kinetically favorable host structure with high stability and modulating oxidation states of the active component for the neutral aqueous battery-type anode.
摘要
氧化铋(Bi2O3)因其理论容量高与工作电位窗口宽而成为具有应用前景的电池型负极材料. 但是, 氧化铋缓慢的反应动力学与较差的循环寿命限制了其在实际器件中的应用. 在本文中, 我们以铋基金属有机框架(CAU-17)作为前驱体与模板, 通过热解法结合氧化态调节制备了一种封装在棒状多孔碳纳米反应器中的Bi-Bi2O3 纳米颗粒(Bi-Bi2O3 @C NR). 该电池型负极在硫酸钠溶液中表现出良好的导电性、快速的反应动力学、高的容量与长的循环寿命. 实验结果与密度泛函理论计算表明, 金属有机框架衍生的多孔碳基质与引入氧化铋晶格中的金属铋能够进一步提升氧化铋的电化学性能. 基于Bi-Bi2O3 @C NR 负极和δ-MnO2 正极的中性水系钠离子电池电容混合器件可以同时实现高能量和高功率密度, 同时具有2.4 V的超宽电位窗口. 本文通过设计高稳定性和反应动力学有利的主体结构及调节活性成分的氧化态, 为开发可用于中性水系电池型负极的高性能氧化铋基电极提供了新的策略.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Zuo W, Li R, Zhou C, et al. Battery-supercapacitor hybrid devices: Recent progress and future prospects. Adv Sci, 2017, 4: 1600539
Huang J, Guo Z, Ma Y, et al. Recent progress of rechargeable batteries using mild aqueous electrolytes. Small Methods, 2019, 3: 1800272
Ding J, Hu W, Paek E, et al. Review of hybrid ion capacitors: From aqueous to lithium to sodium. Chem Rev, 2018, 118: 6457–6498
Dubal DP, Ayyad O, Ruiz V, et al. Hybrid energy storage: The merging of battery and supercapacitor chemistries. Chem Soc Rev, 2015, 44: 1777–1790
Zang X, Shen C, Sanghadasa M, et al. High-voltage supercapacitors based on aqueous electrolytes. ChemElectroChem, 2019, 6: 976–988
Li H, Han C, Huang Y, et al. An extremely safe and wearable solid-state zinc ion battery based on a hierarchical structured polymer electrolyte. Energy Environ Sci, 2018, 11: 941–951
Dong X, Chen L, Su X, et al. Flexible aqueous lithium-ion battery with high safety and large volumetric energy density. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2016, 55: 7474–7477
Xu M, Niu Y, Teng X, et al. High-capacity Bi2O3 anode for 2.4 V neutral aqueous sodium-ion battery-supercapacitor hybrid device through phase conversion mechanism. J Energy Chem, 2021, 65: 605–615
Liu X, Guan C, Hu Y, et al. 2D metal-organic frameworks derived nanocarbon arrays for substrate enhancement in flexible super-capacitors. Small, 2018, 14: 1702641
Lei K, Wang C, Liu L, et al. A porous network of bismuth used as the anode material for high-energy-density potassium-ion batteries. Angew Chem, 2018, 130: 4777–4781
Wang C, Du D, Song M, et al. A high-power Na3V2(PO4)3-Bi sodium-ion full battery in a wide temperature range. Adv Energy Mater, 2019, 9: 1900022
Qin T, Zhang W, Ma Y, et al. Mechanistic insights into the electrochemical Li/Na/K-ion storage for aqueous bismuth anode. Energy Storage Mater, 2022, 45: 33–39
Yuan Y, Wang C, Lei K, et al. Sodium-ion hybrid capacitor of high power and energy density. ACS Cent Sci, 2018, 4: 1261–1265
Wang C, Wang L, Li F, et al. Bulk bismuth as a high-capacity and ultralong cycle-life anode for sodium-ion batteries by coupling with glyme-based electrolytes. Adv Mater, 2017, 29: 1702212
Zuo W, Zhu W, Zhao D, et al. Bismuth oxide: A versatile high-capacity electrode material for rechargeable aqueous metal-ion batteries. Energy Environ Sci, 2016, 9: 2881–2891
Li L, Zhang X, Zhang Z, et al. A bismuth oxide nanosheet-coated electrospun carbon nanofiber film: A free-standing negative electrode for flexible asymmetric supercapacitors. J Mater Chem A, 2016, 4: 16635–16644
Zhao Z, Ye Y, Zhu W, et al. Bismuth oxide nanoflake@carbon film: A free-standing battery-type electrode for aqueous sodium ion hybrid supercapacitors. Chin Chem Lett, 2018, 29: 629–632
Sun Y, Lian Z, Ren Z, et al. Proton-dominated reversible aqueous zinc batteries with an ultraflat long discharge plateau. ACS Nano, 2021, 15: 14766–14775
Minakshi M, Mitchell DRG. The influence of bismuth oxide doping on the rechargeability of aqueous cells using MnO2 cathode and LiOH electrolyte. Electrochim Acta, 2008, 53: 6323–6327
Ramesh TN, Kamath PV. Bi2O3 modified cobalt hydroxide as an electrode for alkaline batteries. Electrochim Acta, 2008, 53: 4721–4726
Manohar AK, Yang C, Malkhandi S, et al. Enhancing the performance of the rechargeable iron electrode in alkaline batteries with bismuth oxide and iron sulfide additives. J Electrochem Soc, 2013, 160: A2078–A2084
Liu X, Cao H, Yin J. Generation and photocatalytic activities of Bi@Bi2O3 microspheres. Nano Res, 2011, 4: 470–482
Qin T, Wang D, Zhang X, et al. Unlocking the optimal aqueous δ-Bi2O3 anode via unifying octahedrally liberated Bi-atoms and spilled nano-Bi exsolution. Energy Storage Mater, 2021, 36: 376–386
Qin T, Zhang X, Wang D, et al. Oxygen vacancies boost δ-Bi2O3 as a high-performance electrode for rechargeable aqueous batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2019, 11: 2103–2111
Pan Q, Yang C, Jia Q, et al. Oxygen-deficient BiFeO3-NC nanoflake anodes for flexible battery-supercapacitor hybrid devices with high voltage and long-term stability. Chem Eng J, 2020, 397: 125524
Yang C, Jia Q, Pan Q, et al. High-performance Bi2O3-NC anodes through constructing carbon shells and oxygen vacancies for flexible battery-supercapacitor hybrid devices. Nanoscale Adv, 2021, 3: 593–603
Liu R, Ma L, Niu G, et al. Oxygen-deficient bismuth oxide/graphene of ultrahigh capacitance as advanced flexible anode for asymmetric supercapacitors. Adv Funct Mater, 2017, 27: 1701635
Zhao J, Li Z, Shen T, et al. Oxygen-vacancy Bi2O3 nanosheet arrays with excellent rate capability and CoNi2S4 nanoparticles immobilized on N-doped graphene nanotubes as robust electrode materials for high-energy asymmetric supercapacitors. J Mater Chem A, 2019, 7: 7918–7931
Li L, Liu W, Dong H, et al. Surface and interface engineering of nanoarrays toward advanced electrodes and electrochemical energy storage devices. Adv Mater, 2021, 33: 2004959
Ba D, Li Y, Sun Y, et al. Directly grown nanostructured electrodes for high-power and high-stability alkaline nickel/bismuth batteries. Sci China Mater, 2019, 62: 487–496
Zheng S, Fu Y, Zheng L, et al. PEDOT-engineered Bi2O3 nanosheet arrays for flexible asymmetric supercapacitors with boosted energy density. J Mater Chem A, 2019, 7: 5530–5538
Li N, Zhu J, Meng T, et al. Incorporating Fe into bismuthic anode systems: A smart “merits combination/complementation” route to build better Ni-Bi batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2020, 12: 5876–5884
Li H, Lang J, Lei S, et al. A high-performance sodium-ion hybrid capacitor constructed by metal-organic framework-derived anode and cathode materials. Adv Funct Mater, 2018, 28: 1800757
Zhang Y, Su Q, Xu W, et al. A confined replacement synthesis of bismuth nanodots in MOF derived carbon arrays as binder-free anodes for sodium-ion batteries. Adv Sci, 2019, 6: 1900162
Deng P, Yang F, Wang Z, et al. Metal-organic framework-derived carbon nanorods encapsulating bismuth oxides for rapid and selective CO2 electroreduction to formate. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2020, 59: 10807–10813
Liu J, Zhu D, Guo C, et al. Design strategies toward advanced MOF-derived electrocatalysts for energy-conversion reactions. Adv Energy Mater, 2017, 7: 1700518
Inge AK, Köppen M, Su J, et al. Unprecedented topological complexity in a metal-organic framework constructed from simple building units. J Am Chem Soc, 2016, 138: 1970–1976
Wang YR, Yang RX, Chen Y, et al. Chloroplast-like porous bismuth-based core-shell structure for high energy efficiency CO2 electro-reduction. Sci Bull, 2020, 65: 1635–1642
Ouyang H, Chen N, Chang G, et al. Selective capture of toxic selenite anions by bismuth-based metal-organic frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2018, 57: 13197–13201
Pimenta MA, Dresselhaus G, Dresselhaus MS, et al. Studying disorder in graphite-based systems by Raman spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys, 2007, 9: 1276–1290
Guo R, Lv C, Xu W, et al. Effect of intrinsic defects of carbon materials on the sodium storage performance. Adv Energy Mater, 2020, 10: 1903652
Boyjoo Y, Shi H, Olsson E, et al. Molecular-level design of pyrrhotite electrocatalyst decorated hierarchical porous carbon spheres as nanoreactors for lithium-sulfur batteries. Adv Energy Mater, 2020, 10: 2000651
Harwig HA. On the structure of bismuthsesquioxide: The α, β, γ, and δ-phase. Z Anorg Allg Chem, 1978, 444: 151–166
Hull S, Norberg ST, Tucker MG, et al. Neutron total scattering study of the δ and β phases of Bi2O3. Dalton Trans, 2009, 8737
Pereira ALJ, Sans JA, Vilaplana R, et al. Isostructural second-order phase transition of β-Bi2O3 at high pressures: An experimental and theoretical study. J Phys Chem C, 2014, 118: 23189–23201
Steele JA, Lewis RA. In situ micro-Raman studies of laser-induced bismuth oxidation reveals metastability of β-Bi2O3 microislands. Opt Mater Express, 2014, 4: 2133–2142
Gandhi AC, Lai CY, Wu KT, et al. Phase transformation and room temperature stabilization of various Bi2O3 nano-polymorphs: Effect of oxygen-vacancy defects and reduced surface energy due to adsorbed carbon species. Nanoscale, 2020, 12: 24119–24137
Gong Q, Ding P, Xu M, et al. Structural defects on converted bismuth oxide nanotubes enable highly active electrocatalysis of carbon dioxide reduction. Nat Commun, 2019, 10: 2807
Kim S, Dong WJ, Gim S, et al. Shape-controlled bismuth nanoflakes as highly selective catalysts for electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction to formate. Nano Energy, 2017, 39: 44–52
Augustyn V, Come J, Lowe MA, et al. High-rate electrochemical energy storage through Li+ intercalation pseudocapacitance. Nat Mater, 2013, 12: 518–522
Feng Y, Xu M, He T, et al. CoPSe: A new ternary anode material for stable and high-rate sodium/potassium-ion batteries. Adv Mater, 2021, 33: 2007262
Risold D, Hallstedt B, Gauckler LJ, et al. The bismuth-oxygen system. J Phase Equilib, 1995, 16: 223–234
Manzetti S, Lu T. Alternant conjugated oligomers with tunable and narrow HOMO-LUMO gaps as sustainable nanowires. RSC Adv, 2013, 3: 25881
Bredas JL. Mind the gap! Mater Horiz, 2014, 1: 17–19
Mathis TS, Kurra N, Wang X, et al. Energy storage data reporting in perspective—Guidelines for interpreting the performance of electrochemical energy storage systems. Adv Energy Mater, 2019, 9: 1902007
Li L, Chen L, Mukherjee S, et al. Phosphorene as a polysulfide immobilizer and catalyst in high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries. Adv Mater, 2017, 29: 1602734
Zhang J, Shi Y, Ding Y, et al. A conductive molecular framework derived Li2S/N,P-codoped carbon cathode for advanced lithium-sulfur batteries. Adv Energy Mater, 2017, 7: 1602876
Zhou G, Tian H, Jin Y, et al. Catalytic oxidation of Li2S on the surface of metal sulfides for Li-S batteries. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2017, 114: 840–845
Xu H, Hu X, Yang H, et al. Flexible asymmetric micro-supercapacitors based on Bi2O3 and MnO2 nanoflowers: Larger areal mass promises higher energy density. Adv Energy Mater, 2015, 5: 1401882
Wu H, Guo J, Yang D. Facile autoreduction synthesis of core-shell Bi-Bi2O3/CNT with 3-dimensional neural network structure for high-rate performance supercapacitor. J Mater Sci Tech, 2020, 47: 169–176
Wu K, Ye Z, Ding Y, et al. Facile co-deposition of the carbon nano-tube@MnO2 heterostructure for high-performance flexible super-capacitors. J Power Sources, 2020, 477: 229031
Li Z, Young D, Xiang K, et al. Towards high power high energy aqueous sodium-ion batteries: The NaTi2(PO4)3/Na0.44MnO2 system. Adv Energy Mater, 2013, 3: 290–294
Xia H, Hong C, Li B, et al. Facile synthesis of hematite quantum-dot/functionalized graphene-sheet composites as advanced anode materials for asymmetric supercapacitors. Adv Funct Mater, 2015, 25: 627–635
Lei Z, Zhang J, Zhao XS. Ultrathin MnO2 nanofibers grown on graphitic carbon spheres as high-performance asymmetric supercapacitor electrodes. J Mater Chem, 2012, 22: 153–160
Sata N, Eberman K, Eberl K, et al. Mesoscopic fast ion conduction in nanometre-scale planar heterostructures. Nature, 2000, 408: 946–949
Cheng XB, Yan C, Zhang XQ, et al. Electronic and ionic channels in working interfaces of lithium metal anodes. ACS Energy Lett, 2018, 3: 1564–1570
Acknowledgements
This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22072107 and 21872105), the Science & Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (19DZ2271500), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Xu M designed this study, conducted the experiments, performed data analysis and wrote the paper; Gong S, Niu Y and Zhang K conducted some experiments; Liu T performed data analysis and revised the paper; Chen Z designed this study, performed data analysis and revised the paper. All authors contributed to the general discussion.
Corresponding authors
Additional information
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Supporting information
Experimental details and supporting data are available in the online version of the paper.
Mingze Xu got his bachelor degree at Lanzhou University of Technology in 2019. He is now studying for his master’s degree at Tongji University. His research interest focuses on the preparation and modification of electrode materials for aqueous zinc-ion batteries and battery-supercapacitor hybrid devices.
Tao Liu received his PhD degree and worked as a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Cambridge. He was elected to a Schlumberger Research Fellowship, Darwin College, Cambridge, in 2016 and appointed to a professorship of chemistry at Tongji University, Shanghai, in 2018. His current research interests include electrocatalysis and batteries and the development of in situ spectroscopy/spectrometry techniques to study energy conversion and storage devices.
Zuofeng Chen got his PhD degree at the University of Hong Kong in 2009 and was a postdoctoral fellow at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Duke University. He has been a full professor at the School of Chemical Science and Engineering of Tongji University since 2014. His research interest focuses on new energy materials and the electrocatalysis in energy conversion and storage systems.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Xu, M., Gong, S., Niu, Y. et al. Bismuth-based metal-organic frameworks derived rod-like nanoreactors for neutral aqueous battery-type anode. Sci. China Mater. 66, 106–117 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-022-2117-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-022-2117-x