Abstract
High crime rates and general issues of social dysfunction are common in developing countries. This paper, using a case study of Jamaica, shows the possibility of using moral and religious values to guide youth within the education system, with the ultimate goal of intercepting these societal issues. The recent spate of violence in Jamaica's schools has raised concerns about the value systems underpinning the social development of children and youth. Stakeholders have recommended a variety of punitive measures for addressing these deviant behaviors. However, character or moral education should be considered a more sustainable approach to addressing these challenges. Character education is broadly understood as the practice of teaching sound moral principles, which culminate in socially acceptable behavior. In this paper, I discuss key findings from a perceptive qualitative study of teacher educators. The paper calls for a formalized and intentional approach to character education at all levels of the education system.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Baehr, J. (2017). The varieties of character and some implications for character education. J Youth Adolescence,46, 1153–1161. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-017-0654-z.
Berkowitz, M. W., Althof, W., & Jones, S. (2008). Educating for civic character. The Sage book of education for citizenship and democracy (pp. 399–409). Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Berkowitz, M., & Grych, J. (2000). Early character development and education. Early Educ Dev,11, 55–72. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15566935eed1101_4.
Bourne, P. A., Clarke-Christian, J., Sharpe-Pryce, C., Hudson-Davis, A., & Francis, C. (2015). Strategies in dealing with violence in schools: perceived effectiveness of conflict management strategies used by education leaders in reducing students' disagreements. Psychiatry,18, 248. https://doi.org/10.4172/Psychiatry.1000248.
Bull, B. L. (2006). Can civic and moral education be distinguished? In D. Warren & J. J. Patrick (Eds.), Civic and moral learning in America. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Campbell, W. (2013). Introduce character education in schools. Retrieved from https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/Introduce-character-education-in-schools_13775889.
Character Education Partnership. (2008). Performance values: Why they matter and what schools can do to foster their development. Character Education Partnership. Retrieved from https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true &db=eric&AN=ED505087& site=ehost-live.z.
Clark, V. L. P., & Creswell, J. W. (2010). Understanding research a consumer's guide. Upper Saddle River: Pearson Education Inc.
Clement, S., & Bollinger, R. (2017). Accelerating progress: a new era of research on character development. J Youth Adolescence,46, 1240–1245. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-017-0681-9.
Cons, P. (2011). Examples of data collection methods. Retrieved from https://www.ncdsv.org/images/Siebold_ExamplesOfDataCollectionMethods_updated1-7-2011.pdf.
Creswell, J. W. (2008). Educational research planning, conducting and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. Prentice Hall: International Pearson Merrill.
Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Davis, M. (2003). What's wrong with character education? American Journal of Education.,110(1), 32–37.
Demirel, M., Ozmat, D., & Elgun, I. O. (2016). Primary school teachers' perceptions about character education. Academic Journals.,11(17), 1622–1633. https://doi.org/10.5897/ERR2016.2729.
Diputra, K. S., Japa, I. G. N., Suarjana, I. M., & Yudiana, K. (2018). Lesson study for developing the pedagogical competence of pre-service teachers by integrating character values in thematic teaching. Research Paper. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.21-11-2018.2282119.
Dovre, P. (2007). From Aristotle to Angelou: Best practices in character education. Education Next,7(2), 38–45.
Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. I. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative Research. Chicago: Aldine.
Gonzalez, M. J. F., Pigozne, T., Muñiz, M. V., Säre, E., & Surikova, S. (2020). Designing a teacher training programme for character education: An international partnership. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference,5, 72. https://doi.org/10.17770/sie2020vol5.5171.
Grant, L. (2017). Violence in Jamaica's High Schools. African Journal of Criminology and Justice Studies: AJCJS,10(1), 1554–3897.
Greene, M. J. (2014). On the inside looking In: Methodological insights and challenges in conducting qualitative insider research. The Qualitative Report,19(29), 1–13.
Greer, P. R. (2007). Character education on the cheap. Retrieved from www.edweek.org.
Healea, C. D. (2006). Character education with resident assistants: A model for Developing character on college campuses. The Journal of Education,65(1), 1.
Holman Bible Publishers. (1973). King James Bible. Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers.
Hovercroft, J. (2002). Character matters. First Annual Review. Retrieved from https://ww.yrdsb.edu.on.ca/pdfs/a/agenda/ms/sc021015/yrdsb-sc021015-pP3-54.pd.
Hunter, J. D. (1991). Culture wars: The struggle to define America. New York: Basic Books.
International Labour Organization. (2018). Child Labour and the Youth Decent Work Deficit in Jamaica. Retrieved from https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_norm/---ipec/documents/publication/wcms_651781.pdf.
Jamaica International Religious Freedom Report. (2018). https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/jamaica-2018-international-religioua-freedom-report.pdf.
Jamaica Education Regulation. (1980). Retrieved from https://moj.gov.jm/sites/default/files/laws/EA%2520Regulations%25201980.pdf.
Lakoff, G. (2002). Moral politics: How liberals and conservatives think. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Lewis, M. & Ponzio, V. (2015). Character Education as a Primary Purpose of Schooling for the Future https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v4i2.92.
Lickona, T. (1991). Educating for character: How our schools can teach respect and Responsibility. New York: Bantam Books.
Lickona, T. (1993). Return to character education. Retrieved from https://www.ascd.org/publications/educational-leadership/nov93/vol51/num03/The-Return-of-Character-Education.asp.
Maxwell, J. A. (2005). Qualitative research design: An interactive approach (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Narvaez, D., & Lapsley, D. K. (2008). Teaching Moral Character: Two Alternatives for Teacher Education. Teacher Educator,43(2), 156–172.
Nucci, L. (2009). Nice is not enough: Facilitating moral development. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.
Planning Institute of Jamaica. (2030Ja). Vision 2030Ja. Ja: Pear Tree Press.
Regulation for Teacher Certification. (2014). Teachers Colleges of Jamaica. Handbook of Regulations, Bachelor of Education.
Reid, D., & Reid, E. (2016). Mentorship in technology-rich, 21st-century classrooms. In J. Keengwe, J. Mbae, & G. Onchwari (Eds.), Handbook of research on global issues in next-generation teacher education (pp. 246–259). Hershey, PA: IGI Global.
Rizzo, K. & Bajovic, M. (2016). Moral literacy through two lenses: Pre-service teachers' preparation for character education. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1106329.pdf.
Ryan, K. (2003). Character education: Our high school's missing link. Education Week. Retrieved from https://www.edweek.org/ew/articles/2003/01/29/20ryan.h22.html.
Seaga, E. (2007). The school of the future. Retrieved from https://66.132.217.135/gleaner/20070701/focus/focus3.html.
Shields, D. L. (2011). Character as the aim of education. Phi Delta Kappan,92(8), 48–53. Retrieved from https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=tfh&AN=60499606&site=ehost-live.
Smagorinsky, P., & Taxel, J. (2005). The discourse of character education: Culture wars in the classroom. Publishers: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc.
Smith, L. B. (2015). The case for character education. Retrieved from https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/The-case-for-character-education_18417921.
Smith, M. W., & Whilhelm, J. D. (2002). Reading don't fix no chevy. Portsmouth: Heinemann.
Tsai, K. C. (2012). Bring character education into classroom. European Journal of Educational Research,1(2), 163–170. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.1.2.163.
Tuff, L. (2009). Teacher perception of character education. (Master thesis, University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Education, Albertha, Canada). Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10133/1306.
World Population Review. (2020). Murder Rate by Country. Retrieved from https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/murder-rate-by-country.
Yin, R. K. (2009). Case study research: Design and methods (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Acknowledgements
I would like to thank Professor James Davis for supervising my thesis, as well as the members of my research committee, Professor Michael Smith and Professor Steven Gross for their valuable feedback throughout the process. I am also very grateful to the anonymous reviewers and journal editors who will comment on the early versions of this paper. A big thank you, also, to all teacher educators who participated in this research.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dempster, M. An exploration of character education as a tool of ‘moral repair’ in the developing world. j. relig. educ. 68, 249–265 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40839-020-00107-5
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40839-020-00107-5