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Real-World Evaluation of Pollutant Emissions from a Light-Duty DI-Gasoline Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) Using PEMS

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Abstract

T his study assessed the on-road gaseous and particulate emissions from a gasoline direct injection (GDI) hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) using portable emissions measurement systems (PEMS). Testing was conducted, while the vehicle was exercised over three routes with different topological and environmental characteristics, representing urban, highway, and mountain (high-altitude) driving conditions. The gaseous emissions (NOx, CO, THC, and CO2) were found to be the highest during mountain driving compared to urban and highway driving. PM mass and soot mass emissions were comparable between the Downtown LA (urban driving conditions) and Mt Baldy (rural driving conditions with altitude changes) routes but higher compared to Highway route. NOx emissions and soot mass emissions over all test routes exhibited reasonably good correlations with vehicle acceleration but poor correlations with road grade.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Mark Villela and Daniel Gomez of the University of California, Riverside, for their contribution in conducting the emissions testing for this program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bourns College of Engineering-Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92507, USA

    Chengguo Li, Susumu Sato, Tianyi Ma, Kent C. Johnson, Thomas Durbin & Georgios Karavalakis

  2. Department of Systems and Control Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan

    Susumu Sato

  3. Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92507, USA

    Tianyi Ma, Kent C. Johnson, Thomas Durbin & Georgios Karavalakis

Authors
  1. Chengguo Li
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  2. Susumu Sato
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  3. Tianyi Ma
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  5. Thomas Durbin
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Contributions

Chengguo Li: formal analysis, validation, investigation, writing–original draft. Susumu Sato: investigation, formal analysis. Tianyi Ma: investigation, methodology. Kent C. Johnson: resources, data curation. Thomas D. Durbin: writing—review and editing. Georgios Karavalakis: writing—original draft, writing—review and editing, supervision, visualization, project administration.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Georgios Karavalakis.

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Li, C., Sato, S., Ma, T. et al. Real-World Evaluation of Pollutant Emissions from a Light-Duty DI-Gasoline Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) Using PEMS. Emiss. Control Sci. Technol. 9, 1–11 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40825-023-00225-0

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