This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Notes
Slavery Convention (adopted 25 September 1926, entered into force 9 March 1927) 60 LNTS 254; Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery (adopted 7 September 1956, entered into force 30 April 1957) 266 UNTS 3.
These include the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (adopted 16 December 1966, entered into force 23 March 1976) 999 UNTS 171; the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (adopted 16 December 1966, entered into force 3 January 1976) 993 UNTS 3; the Convention on the Rights of the Child (adopted 20 November 1989, entered into force 2 September 1990) 1577 UNTS 3; the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (adopted 4 November 1950, entered into force 3 September 1953) 213 UNTS 221; the American Convention on Human Rights ‘Pact of San José, Costa Rica’ (adopted 22 November 1969, entered into force 18 July 1978) 1144 UNTS 123; the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (adopted 27 June 1981, entered into force 21 October 1986) 1520 UNTS 217; and the Convention (No 182) concerning the prohibition and immediate action for the elimination of the worst forms of child labour (adopted 17 June 1999, entered into force 19 November 2000) 2133 UNTS 161.
Chattel slavery or traditional forms of slavery persist in countries such as Mauritania (UN Special Procedures, Mauritania: UN expert encouraged by progress but says more work needed to fully eradicate slavery, Press release 13 May 2022).
ILO, Walk Free and IOM (2022).
ILO, Walk Free and IOM (2017).
Their Voice – Empowering Survivors of Modern Slavery is a UK-based charity empowering survivors of human trafficking and modern slavery. Its website (https://theirvoicemodernslavery.org.uk/stories/) gathers survivor stories illustrating the need for more effective action against modern slavery.
UNGA Transforming our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, A/RES/70/1, 21 October 2015.
Ibid., p. 20.
Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (adopted 15 November 2000, entered into force 25 December 2003) 2237 UNTS 319.
Rantsev v. Cyprus and Russia (2010) 51 EHRR 1.
Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings (adopted 16 May 2005, entered into force 1 February 2008) 2569 UNTS 33.
Rodríguez-Modroño, Agenjo-Calderón and López-Igual (2022).
Harrisberg, Adebayo and Farouk (2023).
Stoyanova (2017).
Webb and Garciandia (2019).
Australian Modern Slavery Act; UK Modern Slavery Act.
[2022] UKSC 20; Garciandia (2023).
Human Rights Watch (2023).
Proposal of the European Commission for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence and amending Directive (EU) 2019/1937, COM/2022/71 final, 23 February 2022, https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A52022PC0071.
UN Working Group on Business and Human Rights, ‘Raising the Ambition—Increasing the Pace, UNGPs 10 + : A Roadmap for the Next Decade of Business and Human Rights’ (2021), https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ungps10plusroadmap.pdf (accessed 27 September 2023).
Mantouvalou (2022).
References
Ajele G, McGill J (2020) Intersectionality in law and legal contexts. Women’s Legal Education and Action Fund, Toronto. https://www.leaf.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Full-Report-Intersectionality-in-Law-and-Legal-Contexts.pdf. Accessed 15 Dec 2023
Bond J (2021) Global intersectionality and contemporary human rights. Oxford University Press, Oxford
De Beco G (2017) Protecting the invisible: an intersectional approach to international human rights law. Hum Rights Law Rev 17:633–663
Garciandia R (2023) Domestic servitude and diplomatic immunity: the decision of the UK Supreme Court in Basfar v Wong. Ind Law J 52(2):451–462. https://doi.org/10.1093/indlaw/dwad010
Harrisberg K, Adebayo B, Farouk M (2023) High cost of women as African apps spread gospel of gig work. Context, 16 February 2023. https://www.context.news/digital-rights/high-cost-to-women-as-african-apps-spread-gospel-of-gig-work. Accessed 15 Dec 2023
Human Rights Watch (2023) Qatar: six months post-world cup, migrant workers suffer. FIFA/Qatari authorities paid no compensation, silent on wage theft. 16 June 2023. https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/06/16/qatar-six-months-post-world-cup-migrant-workers-suffer. Accessed 15 Dec 2023
ILO, Walk Free, IOM (2017) Global estimates of modern slavery. Forced labour and forced marriage. Report. https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---dcomm/documents/publication/wcms_575479.pdf. Accessed 15 Dec 2023
ILO, Walk Free, IOM (2022) Global estimates of modern slavery. Forced labour and forced marriage. Report. https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_norm/---ipec/documents/publication/wcms_854733.pdf. Accessed 15 Dec 2023
Mantouvalou B (2022) Structures of injustice, workers’ rights and human rights. Oxford University Press, Oxford
Rodríguez-Modroño P, Agenjo-Calderón A, López-Igual P (2022) Platform work in the domestic and home care sector: new mechanisms of invisibility and exploitation of women migrant workers. Gend Dev 30(3):619–635. https://doi.org/10.1080/13552074.2022.2121060
Stoyanova V (2017) Human trafficking and slavery reconsidered. conceptual limits and states’ positive obligations in European law. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Webb P, Garciandia R (2019) State responsibility for modern slavery: uncovering and bridging the gap. Int Comp Law Q 68(3):539–571. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020589319000277
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Garciandia, R. Marija Jovanovic, State Responsibility for ‘Modern Slavery’ in Human Rights Law. A Right Not to Be Trafficked. Neth Int Law Rev 70, 401–406 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40802-023-00244-2
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40802-023-00244-2