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Didactic Contract at the Beginning of University: a Focus on Resources and their Use

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Abstract

In this paper we introduce a link between the Theory of Didactical Situations and the Documentational Approach to Didactics, in order to study teaching/learning phenomena at the beginning of university mathematics studies. Specifically, we investigate the didactic contract at three levels: institutional, mathematical subject, and specific mathematical content level, and link it to the use of resources by students. Using this link, we analyse data stemming from two complementary case studies: one in the UK, and one in France. We identify didactic contract rules at the three levels for the students, and for the teachers. Moreover, we find discrepancies between students’ and teachers’ rules, and also between those and the explicit rules of the institution/s. These gaps may cause misunderstandings and prevent students from learning mathematics effectively at university level; we claim that these gaps can be reduced. Teachers could make their expectations more explicit in terms of resource use and support an appropriate use by students. The university institution could also contribute to a better alignment of the resources offered with actual student practices.

Résumé

Dans cet article nous introduisons une articulation théorique, entre théorie des situations didactiques et approche documentaire du didactique, pour étudier des phénomènes d’enseignement/apprentissage en mathématiques au début de l’université. Nous relions plus précisément le contrat didactique à trois niveaux: institution, discipline, contenu et l’usage de ressources par les étudiants. En utilisant cette articulation théorique, nous analysons des données issues de deux études de cas complémentaires, l’une menée au Royaume-Uni et l’autre en France. Nous mettons au jour de cette manière des règles de contrat didactique à chacun des trois niveaux, et identifions des écarts entre les règles pour les étudiants, celles pour les enseignants, et parfois également les règles explicites de l’institution. Ces écarts sont liés à des difficultés rencontrées par les étudiants; nous soutenons qu’il est possible de les réduire. Les enseignants pourraient mieux expliciter leurs attentes en termes d’usages de ressources et accompagner les usages des étudiants, l’institution université pourrait également contribuer à une offre de ressources mieux adaptées aux pratiques effectives des étudiants.

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Notes

  1. http://www.transmaths.org

  2. Diploma at the end of secondary school

  3. For privacy reasons, we do not mention here the name of this website.

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Acknowledgements

The second author of this paper recognizes the contribution made by the TransMaths team in the collection of data, the design of instruments and the project, and discussions involving analyses and interpretations of the results. She would also like to acknowledge the support of the ESRC-TLRP award RES-139-25-0241, and continuing support from ESRC-TransMaths award(s) RES-139-25-0241 and RES-000-22-2890.

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Correspondence to Ghislaine Gueudet.

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Gueudet, G., Pepin, B. Didactic Contract at the Beginning of University: a Focus on Resources and their Use. Int. J. Res. Undergrad. Math. Ed. 4, 56–73 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40753-018-0069-6

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