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A Novel Shift and Search (S&S) Algorithm for Tracking Maximum Power in PV Systems: An Approach to Increase Efficiency

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Abstract

Green energy endows the utmost environmental benefits, which include electric power produced from photovoltaic (PV) systems. The minimal conversion efficiency of PV systems (9–17%) decelerates the share in the energy market. One of the solutions to increase efficiency is efficient maximum power point tracking (MPPT) through precise controls. Within the available MPPT algorithms, the perturb and observe (P&O) is prominent due to its simplicity. However, its drawbacks slow down its usage. Most of the proposals involved in overcoming these drawbacks are hybrid nature, which increases the complexity. Alternately, this paper proposes shift and search (S&S) modified P&O algorithm, which not only retains the simplicity but also eliminates all the drawbacks of conventional algorithms with improved tracking efficiency. It is unique in its approach by having independent control over the steady state oscillations and the fast convergence, results in improved tracking efficiency. The performances of the proposed algorithm are validated in the simulation platform. Besides, the superiorities are verified by comparing with traditional and drift free P&O algorithms. The improved MPPT efficiency of the proposed technique aids in extracting the maximum power from solar energy.

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Due to privacy and other restrictions, codes are not openly available.

Abbreviations

PV:

Photovoltaic

MPPT:

Maximum power point tracking

P&O:

Perturb and observe

S&S:

Shift and search

IC:

Incremental conductance

FOCV:

Fractional open circuit voltage

FSCC:

Fractional short circuit current

FL:

Fuzzy logic

ANN:

Artificial neural network

PSO:

Particle swarm optimization

CS:

Cuckoo search

ABC:

Artificial bee colony

ACO:

Ant colony optimization

CFF:

Colony of flashing fireflies

MPP:

Maximum power point

Vt :

Voltage measured at time ‘t’

Vt−1 :

Voltage measured at time ‘t − 1’

M:

Minimum step voltage (V)

X t :

Controlled variable at time ‘t’

Xt−1 :

Controlled variable at time ‘t − 1’

φv :

Step voltage (V)

δp:

Change in power (W)

δv:

Change in voltage (V)

K:

Tuning constant

S:

Second

Wmax :

Maximum power (W)

Wavg :

Average power (W)

η:

Tracking efficiency (%)

Vα :

Lower limit voltage (V)

Vγ :

Upper limit voltage (V)

Vβ :

Middle voltage (V)

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Acknowledgements

The authors convey their honest thanks to the Department of Science and Technology (DST), India, for the INSPIRE fellowship awarded to the first author. (Fellowship No: DST/INSPIRE Fellowship/2016/IF160835). Besides, the authors affirm their sincere gratitude to the management of SASTRA Deemed to be University for the assistance rendered during the research.

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  1. School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India

    M. Kavya & S. Jayalalitha

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  1. M. Kavya
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Kavya, M., Jayalalitha, S. A Novel Shift and Search (S&S) Algorithm for Tracking Maximum Power in PV Systems: An Approach to Increase Efficiency. Int. J. of Precis. Eng. and Manuf.-Green Tech. 8, 1699–1710 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-020-00297-1

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