Abstract
Interdisciplinary learning combining foundational science concepts and clinical practice applications is important in many healthcare-related programmes, including pharmacy. The coherent, structured interdisciplinary curricula designed by specialists may not always be perceived as integrated by students. Team teaching, an education approach where two or more instructors share teaching responsibilities within a classroom setting, may help eliminate this perception. This study aims to explore whether team teaching can improve Asian students’ experience of learning in an undergraduate pharmacy programme in Malaysia. A single 2-h interactive lecture session was delivered using a team-based approach to year 4 undergraduate pharmacy students enrolled at the School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, from 2015 to 2017. All students who attended the team-based teaching lectures were provided with an anonymous link, which requested responses on their views towards team-based teaching. Fifty out of 104 participants from three different cohorts responded to the survey of this study. Over 75% of students reported that they learnt better with the team teaching approach compared to traditional lectures delivered by one lecturer and that the team teaching approach was superior to private study. About 60% of the participants agreed that the team-based teaching approach helped develop their information-synthesising and problem-solving skills. This study provides evidence for using team teaching for design and delivery in an Asian context. The approach was well received by the participants.
Similar content being viewed by others
Availability of Data
The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
References
World Health Organisation. The role of the pharmacist in the health-care system - preparing the future pharmacist: curricular development, report of a third WHO Consultative Group on the role of the pharmacist, Vancouver, Canada; 1997.
Husband AK, Todd A, Fulton J. Integrating science and practice in pharmacy curricula. Am J Pharm Educ. 2014;78:63.
Winch C, Clarke L. “Front-loaded” vocational education versus lifelong learning. A critique of current UK government policy. Oxf Rev Educ. 2003;29:239–52.
Guile D, Ahmed F. Modernising the pharmacy curriculum. London: LLAKES Centre, University of London; 2011.
Morral J, Culshaw M, Morral K, Conway B, Adams S, Adams A. Linking a pharmaceutical chemistry workshop to pharmacy practice. Sci Pharm. 2015;83:125–42.
Tan C. Confucianism and education. In: Noblit G, editor. Oxford research encyclopedia of education. New York: Oxford University Press; 2017. pp. 1-18.
Brooks AW, Schroeder J, Risen JL, Gino F, Galinsky AD, Norton MI, Schweitzer ME. Don’t stop believing: rituals improve performance by decreasing anxiety. Organ Behav Hum Decis Process. 2016;137:71–85.
Gonzales M. Pharmacists’ participation in team teaching program. Hosp Top. 1965;43:69–71.
Bess JL. Teaching alone teaching together: transforming the structure of teams for teaching. 1st ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass; 2000.
Parmelee D, Michaelsen LK, Cook S, Hudes PD. Team-based learning: a practical guide: AMEE guide no. 65. Med Teach. 2012;34:e275–87.
Lam TP, Irwin M, Chow LWC, Chan P. Early introduction of clinical skills teaching in a medical curriculum – factors affecting students’ learning. Med Educ. 2002;36:233–40.
Pancsofar N, Petroff JG. Teachers’ experiences with co-teaching as a model for inclusive education. Int J Incl Educ. 2016;20:1043–53.
Letterman MR, Dugan KB. Team teaching a cross-disciplinary honors course: preparation and development. Coll Teach. 2004;52:76–9.
Brewer EW, Burgess DN. Professor’s role in motivating students to attend class. J Ind Teach Educ. 2005;42:23–47.
Kolluru S, Roesch DM, de la Fuente AA. A multi-instructor, team-based, active-learning exercise to integrate basic and clinical sciences content. Am J Pharm Educ. 2012;76:33.
Glaser BG. The constant comparative method of qualitative analysis. Soc Probl. 1965;12:436–45.
Vygotsky LS. Mind in society: the development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press; 1980.
Karpicke JD. Retrieval-based learning: active retrieval promotes meaningful learning. Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 2012;21:157–63.
Punja D, Kalludi SN, Pai KM, Rao RK, Dhar M. Team-based learning as a teaching strategy for first-year medical students. Australas Med J. 2014;7:490–9.
Sharma S, Ravikirti, Ali A, Takhelmayum R, Mahto M, Nair R. Co-teaching: exploring an alternative for integrated curriculum. J Natl Med Assoc. 2017;109:93–7.
Atwal A, Caldwell K. Nurses’ perceptions of multidisciplinary team work in acute health-care. Int J Nurs Pract. 2006;12:359–65.
Poulton BC, West MA. Effective multidisciplinary teamwork in primary health care. J Adv Nurs. 1993;18:918–25.
Lee SWH. Pharmacy student-led health education campaign initiative. Curr Pharm Teach Learn. 2019;11:292–5.
Hartgerink J, Cramm J, Bakker T, Eijsden A, Mackenbach J, Nieboer A. The importance of multidisciplinary teamwork and team climate for relational coordination among teams delivering care to older patients. J Adv Nurs. 2014;70:791–9.
Burrell AR, Cavanagh M, Young S, Carter H. Team-based curriculum design as an agent of change. Teach High Educ. 2015;20:753–66.
Acknowledgements
The authors thank all participants for their generous cooperation.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Tang, K.S., Maher, S. & Lee, S.W.H. Exploring Team-Based Teaching of Basic Sciences and Clinical Practice: Experiences of Pharmacy Students at a Malaysian Pharmacy School. Med.Sci.Educ. 33, 83–89 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40670-022-01703-w
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40670-022-01703-w