Abstract
Concept and knowledge maps have been shown to improve students’ learning by emphasising meaningful relationships between phenomena. A user-friendly online tool that enables assessment of students’ maps with automated feedback might therefore have significant benefits for learning. For that purpose, we developed an online software platform known as Knowledge Maps. Two pilot studies were performed to evaluate the usability and efficacy of Knowledge Maps. Study A demonstrated significantly improved perceptions of learning after using Knowledge Maps to learn pathology. Study B showed significant improvement between pre-test and post-test scores in an anatomy course. These preliminary studies indicate that this software is readily accepted and may have potential benefits for learning.
Abbreviations
- CI:
-
confidence interval
- DVT/PE:
-
deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
- IHD:
-
ischaemic heart disease
- IQR:
-
interquartile range
References
Jacobs HH. The growing need for interdisciplinary curriculum content. In: Jacobs HH, editor. Interdisciplinary curriculum: design and implementation. Alexandria: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development; 1989. p. 1–11.
Novak JD, Canas AJ. The theory underlying concept maps and how to construct and use them 2008. 2013 [cited 2013. Available from: http://cmap.ihmc.us/Publications/ResearchPapers/TheoryUnderlyingConceptMaps.pdf.
Gonzalez HL, Palencia AP, Umana LA, Galindo L, Villafrade LA. Mediated learning experience and concept maps: a pedagogical tool for achieving meaningful learning in medical physiology students. Adv Physiol Educ. 2008;32:312–6.
O'Donnell AM, Dansereau DF, Hall RH. Knowledge maps as scaffold for cognitive processing. Educ Psychol Rev. 2002;14(1):71–86.
Daley BJ, Shaw CA, Balistrieri T, Glasenapp K, Piacentine L. Concept maps: a strategy to teach and evaluate critical thinking. J Nurs Educ. 1999;38(1):42–7.
Besterfield-Sacre M, Gerchak J, Lyons M, Shuman LJ, Wolfe H. Scoring concept maps: an integrated rubric for assessing engineering education. J Eng Educ. 2004;93(2):105–15.
Watson MK, Pelkey J, Noyes CR, Rodgers MO. Assessing conceptual knowledge using three concept map scoring methods. J Eng Educ. 2016;105(1):118–46.
Yin Y, Vanides J, Ruiz-Primo MA, Ayala CC, Shavelson RJ. Comparison of two concept-mapping techniques: implications for scoring, interpretation and use. J Res Sci Teach. 2005;42(2):166–84.
Hwang G-J, Wu PH, Ke HR. An interactive concept map approach to supporting mobile learning activities for natural science courses. Comput Educ. 2011;57(4):2272–80.
Te'eni D, Carey JM, Zhang P. Human-computer interaction: Developing Effective Organizational Information Systems. Wiley; 2005.
Weinerth K, Koenig V, Brunner M, Martin R. Concept maps: a useful and usable tool for computer-based knowledge assessment? A literature review with a focus on usability. Computers and Education. 2014;78:201–9.
de Jong T. Cognitive load theory, educational research, and instructional design: some food for thought. Instr Sci. 2010;38:105–34.
Cañas AJ, Hill G, Carff R, Suri N, Lott J, Eskridge T, et al., editors. CmapTools: a knowledge modeling and sharing environment. Concept maps: theory, methodology, Technology proceedings of the first international conference on concept mapping; 2004.
Ho V, Velan G. Online concept maps in medical education: are we there yet? FoHPE. 2016;17(1):18.
Gouli E, Gogoulou A, Papanikolaou K, Grigoriadou M, editors. COMPASS: an adaptive web-based concept map assessment tool. Pamplona: International Conference on Concept Mapping; 2004.
Anohina-Naumeca A, Grundspenkis J, Strautmane M. The concept map-based assessment system: functional capabilities, evolution, and experimental results. Int J Contin Eng Educ Life Long Learn. 2011;21(4):308–27.
Luckie D, Harrison SH, Ebert-May D. Model-based reasoning: using visual tools to reveal student learning. Adv Physiol Educ. 2011;35(1):59–67.
Cline BE, Brewster CC, Fell RD. A rule-based system for automatically evaluating student concept maps. Expert Syst Appl. 2010;37:2282–91.
Wu PH, Hwang G-J, Milrad M, Ke HR, Huang YM. An innovative concept map approach for improving students' learning performance with an instant feedback mechanism. Br J Educ Technol. 2012;43(2):217–32.
Pirrie A. Evidence-based practice in education: the best medicine? Br J Educ Stud. 2001;49(2):124–36.
Regehr G. It’s NOT rocket science: rethinking our metaphors for research in health professions education. Med Educ. 2010;44(1):31–9.
Kirschner PA, Martens RL, Strijbos J-W. CSCL in higher education?: a framework for designing multiple collaborative environments. In: Jan-Willem S, Paul AK, Rob LM, Pierre D, editors. What we know about CSCL and implementing it in higher education. Kluwer Academic Publishers; 2004. p. 3–30.
Nielsen J. Usability engineering. Elsevier; 1994.
Funding
The development of Knowledge Maps was supported by a University of New South Wales Learning and Teaching Development Grant.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Ethical Approval
These studies were approved by the University of New South Wales Human Research Ethics Committee (no. HC15114).
Informed Consent
Information about the trials was supplied to all participants and they were informed that non-participation would have no effect on academic standing. Consent was implied based on complete participation by students.
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ho, V.W., Meng, M., Hwang, GJ. et al. Knowledge Maps: an Online Tool for Knowledge Mapping with Automated Feedback. Med.Sci.Educ. 29, 625–629 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40670-019-00736-y
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40670-019-00736-y