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Maltreatment and Parent-Child Attachment as Predictors of Dating Violence and Risky Sexual Behaviour Among High-Risk Teens

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Abstract

A history of maltreatment can increase risk for dating violence (DV) and risky sexual behaviour (RSB) among adolescents. Secure parent-child attachment may reduce this risk, yet few studies have examined this as a protective factor. This study differentiated developmentally appropriate, exploratory sexual behaviours from RSB and examined whether maltreatment experiences and parent-child attachment in adolescence predicted DV and RSB reported five years later in a high-risk sample. Participants were 179 adolescents (46% girls; Mage = 15.34, range = 12–18 years) at risk for aggressive and antisocial behaviour. Adolescents reported their maltreatment histories and attachment to their parents at Time 1; five years later, at Time 2, they reported their experiences with DV perpetration and victimization and engagement in RSB. Both bivariate correlations and structural analyses demonstrated that maltreatment was associated with DV perpetration and victimization but not RSB, and attachment avoidance was associated with fewer RSB but not DV. Attachment anxiety was associated with physical DV perpetration and greater condom use, but only at the correlational level; attachment anxiety was not associated with DV or RSB in the structural model. There were no significant interaction effects. Findings highlight the importance of considering key developmental factors such as maltreatment and parent-child attachment in understanding adolescent risk for DV and RSB, and may inform future research that accounts for contextual factors such as motivation for violence perpetration and contraceptive use with multiple and/or casual sex partners.

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Acknowledgements

The authors express their appreciation to the members of the Adolescent Health Lab for their feedback and assistance with data collection and entry, and to the youth participants for sharing their experiences.

Funding

This research was supported by funds from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), Institute of Gender and Health (IGH) through a New Emerging Team Grant (#54020) and Operating Grant (#84567) awarded to Dr. Marlene M. Moretti. This study was also supported by funds from the CIHR Canada Research Chairs Program (CRCP) through a Tier 1 Chair in Youth Clinical Psychological Science awarded to Dr. Marlene M. Moretti, and by funds from Simon Fraser University through a Vice-President Research (VPR) Social Sciences and Humanities Undergraduate Student Research Award (USRA) awarded to Cassia L. McIntyre.

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  1. Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada

    Cassia L. McIntyre, Natalie Goulter & Marlene M. Moretti

  2. College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Sturt Road, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia

    Natalie Goulter

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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Data analyses were performed by Cassia L. McIntyre and Natalie Goulter. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Cassia L. McIntyre, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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McIntyre, C.L., Goulter, N. & Moretti, M.M. Maltreatment and Parent-Child Attachment as Predictors of Dating Violence and Risky Sexual Behaviour Among High-Risk Teens. Journ Child Adol Trauma (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40653-024-00626-5

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