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Discovering Epimodifications of the Genome, Transcriptome, Proteome, and Metabolome: the Quest for Conquering the Uncharted Epi(c) Territories

  • Epigenetics (ATY Lau, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Pharmacology Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

In this review, we would like to present the overall concepts of “-omes−epi-omes” interactions, i.e., the interactions among the four most noticeable “-omes” (genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome) to the four “epi-omes” (epigenome, epitranscriptome, epiproteome, and epimetabolome) as well as discussing the recently identified epimodifications in humans.

Recent Findings

With the advancement of mass spectrometry and sequencing technologies, novel epimodifications/epi-marks are gradually revealed in recent years. Nowadays, it is becoming clear that all the constituents of the genome, transcriptome, proteome, and even the metabolome can further be modified/decorated with various epi-marks. Given the fact that a variety of modifications can occur in DNA/RNA, proteins, and metabolites, it is possible that an unknown number of epimodifications/epi-marks might exist and are yet to be discovered.

Summary

The ability to decipher and manipulate the epi-omes might present new avenues in drug design for procuring better treatment of various human diseases.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31170785 and 31271445), the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province of China (No. 2016A020215144), the Guangdong Natural Science Foundation of China (No. S2012030006289), “Thousand, hundred, and ten” project of the Department of Education of Guangdong Province (No. 124), the Department of Education, Guangdong Government under the Top-tier University Development Scheme for Research and Control of Infectious Diseases, and the Colleges and Universities Innovation Project of Guangdong Province of China (Nos. 2016KTSCX041 and 2016KTSCX042). We would like to thank members of the Lau And Xu laboratory for critical reading of this manuscript.

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  1. Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

    Yan-Ming Xu, Fei-Yuan Yu & Andy T. Y. Lau

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  1. Yan-Ming Xu
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Xu, YM., Yu, FY. & Lau, A.T.Y. Discovering Epimodifications of the Genome, Transcriptome, Proteome, and Metabolome: the Quest for Conquering the Uncharted Epi(c) Territories. Curr Pharmacol Rep 3, 286–293 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-017-0103-4

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