Abstract
Ricinus communis L., known as castor, is an oilseed crop species with increasing bioindustrial demand for its high-value oil, mainly cultivated by smallholder farming systems under abiotic stresses in semiarid areas. Abiotic stresses lead to increased reactive oxygen species production, inducing oxidative stress that damages cells and impacts seed germination and seedling establishment. Plants response to abiotic stresses involve the superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD) that act catalyzing superoxide radical (O2−) into hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The characterization of RcSOD genes under heat stress and different compartments can offer valuable insights into identifying the responsive RcSOD genes. Cis-element and miRNA predictions were employed for RcSOD genes. The qPCR analysis of RcSOD gene expression was conducted during germination and early seedling stages at three distinct temperatures and also in roots, leaves, and cotyledons. Subcellular localization was performed in Nicotiana benthamiana Domin leaves. RcSOD has responsive elements in the promoter region related to abiotic stresses, and there is a possible regulation of RcCuZnSOD3 and RcCCuSOD4 by Rcmi-RNA398a-b. The RcCuZnSOD1 and RcFeSOD8 genes were upregulated by heat stress during initial germination, while RcCuZnSOD3, RcCCuSOD4, and RcFeSOD7 were upregulated during radicle protrusion and early seedling stages. Besides, the CuZnSOD and RcFeSOD8 genes were upregulated by heat stress in seedling roots. Additionally, we show the modulation of RcSOD genes in cotyledons and leaves in different stages and subcellular localization in N. benthamiana. Our results contribute to understanding RcSOD family and their potential as markers for genetic engineering or molecular-assisted breeding aimed at higher tolerance to abiotic stresses.
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Abbreviations
- ABA:
-
Abscisic acid
- cDNA:
-
DNA complementary to RNA
- CDS:
-
Codon sequence
- Cu/Zn:
-
Copper/Zinc cofactor
- DNA:
-
Deoxyribonucleic acid
- Fe:
-
Iron cofactor
- GFP:
-
Green fluorescent protein
- H2O2 :
-
Hydrogen peroxide
- Mn:
-
Manganese cofactor
- MYB:
-
Myeloblastosis—family of transcription factors
- MYC:
-
Myelocytomatosis—family of transcription factors
- O2 − :
-
Superoxide radical
- RcSOD :
-
Ricinus communis Superoxide dismutase
- RNA:
-
Ribonucleic acid
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
- SOD:
-
Superoxide dismutase
- TFs:
-
Transcription factors
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Acknowledgements
Financial support provided by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—CAPES—Brazilian Ministry of Education) with a Ph.D. fellowship to VGN (CAPES—Finance Code 001); by the ‘Federal University of Bahia—UFBA’ undergraduate trainee program fellowships to IDS, CRT and EES (PROPCI/UFBA Nº 01-2021); and by the ‘National Council for Scientific and Technological Development—CNPq’ (Ministry of Science and Technology, Grants nº 314835/2020-2).
Funding
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior,Finance Code 001,Valdir G Neto,Universidade Federal da Bahia,Undergraduate trainee program (PROPCI/UFBA Nº 01-2021),Isabela D Santos,Undergraduate trainee program (PROPCI/UFBA Nº 01-2021),Carine R Teixeira,Universidade Federal da Bahia,Undergraduate trainee program (PROPCI/UFBA Nº 01-2021),Emily E Santos,Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico,314835/2020-2,Renato Delmondez De Castro,422311/2018-9,Paulo R Ribeiro
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VGN Performed all laboratory analyses, performed data processing and statistical analysis, and drafted the manuscript; WL and HWMH conceived the study and co-supervised VGN during his sandwich PhD at Wagenigen University, and assisted in writing the final version of the manuscript; IDS, CRT and EES were undergraduate trainees (PIBIC) tutored by VGN, and helped to execute all laboratory analyses, data processing, and statistical analysis; MBL, DT, and LGF conceived the study and co-supervision of VGN, IDS, CRT, and EES; PRR conceived the study; RDC was responsible for the grant and financial support, conceived the study, guided the analysis and wrote the final version of the manuscript. All authors read the manuscript.
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Neto, V.G., Ligterink, W., Hilhorst, H.W.M. et al. Resilience of Ricinus communis L. to high temperatures during germination and seedling growth resulting from efficient superoxide dismutase modulation. Braz. J. Bot (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40415-024-01000-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40415-024-01000-3