Abstract
Aim
To evaluate the effect of malocclusion among adolescents on their families’ oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).
Methods
A consecutive sample of 125 parents/caregivers of Brazilian adolescents was chosen. Participants were asked to answer the Brazilian version of the Family Impact Scale (FIS). The main independent variable was adolescents’ malocclusion, which was measured with the Dental Aesthetic Index. Gender, age, and family monthly income were the other independent variables. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, Mann–Whitney test, and univariate and multiple logistic regression.
Results
Among the 125 participants initially admitted to the present study, two were excluded so that 123 parents/caregivers participated providing a response rate of 98.4 %. The overall FIS score revealed a more frequent effect for families of adolescents who presented malocclusion (P = 0.005). Significant findings were also observed for parental emotions (P = 0.022), family conflict (P = 0.010), and financial burden (P = 0.010) subscales. When the independent variables family monthly income and malocclusion were inserted together in the regression model, families with a monthly income of <5 Brazilian minimum wages (approximately US$ 325.00 per month) were more likely to have a worse OHRQoL, and families whose adolescents presented malocclusion were 3.55 more likely to have a poorer quality of life than those families whose adolescents did not present malocclusion.
Conclusions
Families of adolescents with malocclusion were more likely to report a worse OHRQoL.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abanto J, Carvalho TS, Mendes FM, et al. Impact of oral diseases and disorders on oral health-related quality of life of preschool children. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2011;39:105–14.
Abanto J, Paiva SM, Raggio DP, et al. The impact of dental caries and trauma in children on family quality of life. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2012;40:323–31.
Abreu LG, Melgaço CA, Abreu MH, Lages EM, Paiva SM. Impact of the first eight months of orthodontic treatment with a fixed appliance on the families of adolescent patients. Angle Orthod. 2014;84:1074–8.
Allen PF. Assessment of oral health related quality of life. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2003;1:40.
Amin MS, Harrison RL, Weinstein P. A qualitative look at parents’ experience of their child’s dental general anaesthesia. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2006;16:309–19.
Antunes LS, Maués CP, Nadaes MR, et al. The impact of nonsyndromic oral clefts on family quality of life. Spec Care Dent. 2014;34:138–43.
Barbosa T de S, Gavião MB. Evaluation of the Family Impact Scale for use in Brazil. J Appl Oral Sci. 2009;17:397–403.
Bendo CB, Paiva SM, Abreu MH, Figueiredo LD, Vale MP. Impact of traumatic dental injuries among adolescents on family’s quality of life: a population-based study. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2014;24:387–96.
Brignardello-Petersen R, Carrasco-Labra A, Shan P, Azazpazhooh A. A practitioner’s guide to developing critical appraisal skills: what is the difference between clinical and statistical significance? J Am Dent Assoc. 2013;144:780–6.
Cunningham SJ, Hunt NP. Quality of life and its importance in orthodontics. J Orthod. 2001;28:152–8.
Dawoodbhoy I, Delgado-Ângulo EK, Bernabé E. Impact of malocclusion on the quality of life of Saudi children. Angle Orthod. 2013;83:1043–8.
Goursand D, Paiva SM, Zarzar PM, Pordeus IA, Allison PJ. Family Impact Scale (FIS): psychometric properties of the Brazilian Portuguese language version. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2009;10:141–6.
Grimes DA, Schulz KF. Descriptive studies: what they can and cannot do. Lancet. 2002;359:145–9.
Jenny J, Cons NC. Establishing malocclusion severity levels on the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) scale. Aust Dent J. 1996;41:43–6.
Kirkwood BR, Stern J. Essential of medical statistics. 2nd ed. London: Blackwell; 2003.
Kramer FJ, Gruber R, Fialka F, Sinikovic B, Schliephake H. Quality of life and family functioning in children with nonsyndromic orofacial clefts at preschool ages. J Craniofac Surg. 2008;19:580–7.
Levin KA. Study design III: cross-sectional studies. Evid Based Dent. 2006;7:24–5.
Locker D. Applications of self-reported assessments of oral health outcomes. J Dent Educ. 1996;60:494–500.
Locker D, Jokovic A, Stephens M, et al. Family impact of child oral and oro-facial conditions. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2002;30:438–48.
Malden PE, Thomson WM, Jokovic A, Locker D. Changes in parent-assessed oral health-related quality of life among young children following dental treatment under general anaesthetic. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2008;36:108–17.
Marques LS, Ramos-Jorge ML, Paiva SM, Pordeus IA. Malocclusion: esthetic impact and quality of life among Brazilian school children. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2006;129:424–7.
Marques LS, Filogônio CA, Filogônio CB, et al. Aesthetic impact of malocclusion in the daily living of Brazilian adolescents. J Orthod. 2009;36:152–9.
Martins-Júnior PA, Marques LS, Ramos-Jorge ML. Malocclusion: social, functional and emotional influence on children. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2012;37:103–8.
Oliveira BH, Nadanovsky P. Psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Oral Health Impact Profile-short form. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2005;33:307–14.
Petersen PE, Bourgeois D, Ogawa H, Estupinan-Day S, Ndiaye C. The global burden of oral diseases and risks to oral health. Bull World Health Organ. 2005;83:661–9.
Rosenbach G, Quintão C, Almeida MA. Orthodontics around the world: orthodontics in Brazil: excellence for a minoriy. J Orthod. 2000;27:99–102.
Schwappach DL. Resource allocation, social values and the QALY: a review of the debate and empirical evidence. Health Expect. 2002;5:210–22.
Sischo L, Broder HL. Oral health-related quality of life: what, why, how, and future implications. J Dent Res. 2011;90:1264–70.
Strauss RP, Cassell CH. Critical issues in craniofacial care: quality of life, costs of care, and implications of prenatal diagnosis. Acad Pediatr. 2009;9:427–32.
Tak M, Nagarajappa R, Sharda AJ, et al. Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs among 12–15 years old school children of Udaipur, India. Eur J Dent. 2013;7(Suppl 1):S45–53.
Thomson WM, Malden PE. Assessing change in the family impact of caries in young children after treatment under general anaesthesia. Acta Odontol Scand. 2011;69:257–62.
Ukra A, Foster Page LA, Thomson WM, et al. Impact of malocclusion on quality of life among New Zealand adolescents. N Z Dent J. 2013;109:18–23.
Acknowledgments
This study was supported by the National Council for Scientific Development (CNPq), the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Level Education Personnel (CAPES), and the State of Minas Gerais Research Foundation (FAPEMIG), Brazil.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Abreu, L.G., Melgaço, C.A., Abreu, M.H.N.G. et al. Effect of malocclusion among adolescents on family quality of life. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 16, 357–363 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-014-0172-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40368-014-0172-6