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Technical–Economic Evaluation of EV Fast Charging Station with Distributed Energy Resources

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Abstract

Over the last decade, the electrification of the transportation fleet emerged as a solution to reduce climate change. To electric vehicles (EVs) become widespread, charging stations must be deployed, especially fast stations (FCSs), to allow over-ranged travel. Previous works have analyzed the technical impacts of FCSs, also in combination with photovoltaic (PV) and battery energy storage system (BESS); however, a combined stochastic technical–economic evaluation has been less discussed. The objective of this work is to develop a technical–economic method to determine: (i) the most profitable time-of-use electricity tariff for a charging station; and (ii) the economic feasibility of PVs and BESS integration with FCSs and how these technologies affect the overall profitability. A real Brazilian distribution system is used as a case study, considering local time-of-use tariffs for low (LV) and medium (MV) voltage customers. Technical results show that PVs and BESSs can reduce 4–7% voltage problems; however, may increase overload issues, especially in LV connection. From the economic perspective, MV connections have higher profits using Blue tariff instead of Green, while LV connections are preferred with the Conventional tariff. Also, PVs are cost-effective equipment to be added to the charging station, while storages are only profitable if they only use the PV energy generated to supply the EVs, i.e., a low daily number of EVs charging in the FCS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Energy and Systems, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-852, Brazil

    Bruno P. Cancian, José C. G. Andrade & Walmir Freitas

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  1. Bruno P. Cancian
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  2. José C. G. Andrade
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  3. Walmir Freitas
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Correspondence to José C. G. Andrade.

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Cancian, B.P., Andrade, J.C.G. & Freitas, W. Technical–Economic Evaluation of EV Fast Charging Station with Distributed Energy Resources. J Control Autom Electr Syst 33, 1724–1738 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40313-022-00937-8

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