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Skin Cancer in People of Color: A Systematic Review

  • Systematic Review
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Abstract

Background

People of African, Asian, Hispanic or Latino, Pacific Islander, and Native Indian descent are considered people of color by the Skin of Color Society (SOCS).

Objectives

In this study, we assess incidence, risk factors, clinical characteristics, histopathology, treatment, and survival for skin malignancies in people of color as defined by the SOCS, by systematically reviewing the literature.

Methods

An electronic literature search of the PubMed, EMBASE, and MEDLINE databases was performed. Articles published from 1 January 1990 through 12 December 2020 were included in the search.

Results

We identified 2666 publications potentially meeting the study criteria. Titles and abstracts of these studies were reviewed and 2353 were excluded. The full text of 313 articles were evaluated and 251 were included in this review.

Conclusion

Differences in incidence, patterns, treatment, and survival exist among people of color for cutaneous malignancies. Further research and initiatives are needed to account for and mitigate these differences.

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Fig. 1
Fig. 2

source: NYU Langone Dermatologic Surgery & Cosmetic Associates)

Fig. 3

(photo source: taken by Elyse Love, MD, NAVADERM, New York, NY, USA)

Fig. 4

(photo source: NYU Langone Dermatologic Surgery & Cosmetic Associates)

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Acknowledgements

Dr. Stevenson is a Dermatology Foundation CDA recipient and thanks them for the support of her work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, 222 East 41st Street, 24th Floor, New York, NY, 10017, USA

    George A. Zakhem, Akshay N. Pulavarty & Mary L. Stevenson

  2. University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Jenna C. Lester

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  1. George A. Zakhem
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  2. Akshay N. Pulavarty
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  3. Jenna C. Lester
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  4. Mary L. Stevenson
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Correspondence to Mary L. Stevenson.

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Conflict of interest

Mary Stevenson has received research grants from Regeneron and has received a speaker honorarium from Two Sigma 2020 and Med Learning Group 2020 and 2021. George Zakhem, Akshay Pulavarty, and Jenna Lester declare they have no conflicts of interest that might be relevant to the contents of this manuscript.

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Patient consent was obtained to publish de-identified photographs.

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The consent of Elyse Love, MD, was obtained for the use of the photograph in Fig. 3.

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GZ: conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, resources, data curation, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing, visualization, and project administration. ANP: writing—review and editing, and formal analysis. JL: methodology, and writing—review and editing. MS: conceptualization, methodology, investigation, resources, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing, visualization, project administration, and supervision.

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Zakhem, G.A., Pulavarty, A.N., Lester, J.C. et al. Skin Cancer in People of Color: A Systematic Review. Am J Clin Dermatol 23, 137–151 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40257-021-00662-z

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