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Fabrication of porous TiO2 foams by powder metallurgy technique and study of bulk crushing strength for biomedical application

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Abstract

Despite the importance of porous titanium oxide (PA-TiO2) in diverse functional applications, very little information is available on the compatible mechanical properties for potential biomedical applications. In this study, PA-TiO2 foam was synthesized using space-holding powder metallurgy and sintering methods to produce interconnected opened-cell structure with surface morphology of mountain-like features associated with the extensive rift valley system. Three different types of PA-TiO2 foams with porosities of 35–52% and mean pore diameter of 190–210 μm were fabricated for evaluating the effect of porosity on mechanical properties of bulk PA-TiO2. The modulus of elasticity of PA-TiO2 foams exhibited in the range of 45–262 MPa which was within the range of modulus of elasticity of human cancellous bone. Cytotoxicity test is performed in vitro analysis to observe the effect of cell toxicity to produce osteointegration when used as implantable materials. There was no cytotoxicity effect found and remarkable cell growth was observed for human cancerous (HeLa) cell line. However, there was no cytotoxicity effect found and cell growth was not observed for Vero cell line. This study suggested that PA-TiO2 facilitates cell growth without spreading toxicity and has mechanical properties of cancellous bone. Hence, it has potential application as implant and medical devices in biomedical applications.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology, Chittagong-4349, Bangladesh through Research Grant CUET/REC-06-09/02/2017.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology, Chittagong, 4349, Bangladesh

    Farida Ahmed Koly, Md. Arafat Rahman & Md. Mizanur Rahman

  2. Department of Glass and Ceramic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Md. Saiful Islam

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  1. Farida Ahmed Koly
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  2. Md. Arafat Rahman
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  3. Md. Saiful Islam
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  4. Md. Mizanur Rahman
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Methodology: FAK and MAR, experiment: FAK, writing: MAR, review and editing: all authors, and fund acquisition: MAR. All authors have read and agreed to the submitted version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Md. Arafat Rahman.

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Koly, F.A., Rahman, M.A., Islam, M.S. et al. Fabrication of porous TiO2 foams by powder metallurgy technique and study of bulk crushing strength for biomedical application. Prog Biomater 10, 299–308 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40204-021-00173-4

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