Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Thermal desorption analysis for hydrogen trapping in microalloyed high-strength steels

  • Research Paper
  • Published:
Welding in the World Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Hydrogen can have an extreme degradation effects in steels, particularly concerning the mechanical properties. These effects can lead to hydrogen-assisted cracking in microalloyed high-strength steels during fabrication and/or operation in industrial applications. In order to study these effects, electrochemically charged tensile specimens were tested to elucidate the degradation of their properties. The carrier gas hot extraction (CGHE) method, which functionally combines a mass spectrometer with a thermal desorption analysis (TDA) process, was used for the detection of ultra-low diffusible hydrogen concentrations in the material specimens. The mass spectrometer provided rapid and automatic determination of hydrogen concentration, whereas the TDA presented the activation energy within the respective test specimen at the specific temperature. Additionally, specimen temperature was carefully monitored to reduce the evaluation error for local effusion peaks. A quenching and deformation dilatometer was used for the analysis of typical heat-affected zones during the welding process for a high reproducibility of the homogenous microstructures that were studied. The present work shows the interaction between hydrogen and lattice defects in different microalloyed materials and heat-affected zones of weldable fine-grained steels. These steels were prepared in a quenched and tempered condition and in a thermo-mechanically rolled condition. These preparations were made according to German standard DIN EN 10025-6 and to DIN EN 10149-2, respectively. The trapping characteristics of two steel grades, S690QL and S700MC, were studied with respect to the activation energy dependent on carbon content and microalloying elements such as Ti, Nb, Mo, Cr, and V. The two steel grades exhibited several types of traps: carbide formations, dislocations, and/or grain boundaries were common, which can influence activation energy and hydrogen solubility. The type and dimension of inclusions or particles also affected the hydrogen trapping behavior. A decrease of carbon and specific alloying elements in thermo-mechanically hot rolled steels led to a change in the activation energy binding the trapped hydrogen. This thermo-mechanically hot rolled steel revealed an increased interaction between hydrogen and precipitations. The higher carbon content in the quenched and tempered steel led to a higher interaction between hydrogen and iron carbide, specifically in the martensitic phase. Furthermore, the trapping behavior in heat-affected zones showed a significant increase in activation energy, especially in the coarse-grained microstructure. These previously mentioned various effects were studied to better understand the degradation of mechanical properties in these two steels.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Engindeniz E, Würmell W, Hanus F (2005) MAG-Schweißen hochfester Sonderbaustähle mit Fülldrähten (MAG welding of special construction steel with filler wire). DVS-Berichte, Bd 237:187–193

    Google Scholar 

  2. Kaiser HJ, Pohn-Weidinger K, Tschersich HJ (2000) Hochfeste Baustähle für Bordkrane (High strength structural steel for cranes). Stahlbau 69(4):306–310

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Wegmann H, Gerster P (2003) Schweißtechnische Verarbeitung und Anwendung hochfester Baustähle im Nutzfahrzeugbau (Welding processing and application of construction of utility vehicle). DVS-Berichte, Bd 225:429–435

    Google Scholar 

  4. Adamiec P (2001) Hydrogen induced cracking in welded steel tubing. Weld Int 15(6):431–437

  5. Zimmer P, Seeger DM, Böllinghaus Th (2005) Hydrogen permeation and related material properties of high strength structural steels. In: High strength steels for hydropower plants. Proceedings of IWS, Graz, Juli

  6. Zimmer P, Böllinghaus T, Kannengiesser T. Effects of hydrogen on weld microstructure mechanical properties of the high strength steels S690Q and S1100QL. International Institute of Welding, IIW Doc. II-A-141-04

  7. Michler T, Naumann J (2010) Microstructural aspects upon hydrogen environment embrittlement of various BCC steels. Int J Hydrog 35:821–832

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Seeger DM (2004) Wasserstoffaufnahme und -diffusion in Schweißnahtgefügen höherfester Stähle (hydrogen absorption and -diffusion in weld microstructure of high strength steels), Helmut Schmidt Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Fachbereich Maschinenbau, BAM-Dissertationsreihe PhD Thesis: 144 pp

  9. Yurioka N, Ohshita S, Nakamura H, Asano K (1980) An analysis of effects of microstructure, strain and stress on the hydrogen accumulation in the weld heat-affected zone. International institute of Welding. IIW Doc. IX-1161-80

  10. DIN EN 10025-6 (2009) Hot rolled products of structural steels—part 6: technical delivery conditions for flat products of high yield strength structural steels in the quenched and tempered condition

  11. DIN EN10149-2 (2013) Hot rolled flat products made of high yield strength steels for cold forming—part 2: delivery conditions for thermomechanically rolled steels

  12. Adamczyk J (2006) Development of the microalloyed constructional steels. Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 14(1–2):9–20

    Google Scholar 

  13. Cao J (2007) Precipitation of MC phase and precipitation strengthening in hot rolled Nb-Mo and Nb-Ti steels. J Mater Sci 42:0080–10084

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Patel J, Klinkenberg C, Hulka K (2001) Proc. International Symposium Niobium 2001. TMS: 647

  15. Choo WY, Lee JY (1982) Thermal analysis of trapped hydrogen in pure iron. Metallurgical and Transaction A. 13A:135–140

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Escobar DP et al (2012) Evaluation of hydrogen trapping in high strength steels by thermal desorption spectroscopy. Mater Sci Eng A 551:50–58

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Nagumo M, Nakamura M, Takai K (2001) Hydrogen thermal desorption relevant to delayed-fracture susceptibility of high-strength steels. Metall Mater Trans A 32.2:339–347

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Frappart S et al (2011) Hydrogen trapping in martensitic steel investigated using electrochemical permeation and thermal desorption spectroscopy. Scr Mater 65(10):859–862

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Song EJ, Dong-Woo S, Bhadeshia HKDH (2013) Theory for hydrogen desorption in ferritic steel. Comput Mater Sci 79:36–44

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Enomoto M, Hirakami D, Tarui T (2011) Thermal desorption analysis of hydrogen in high strength martensitic steels. Metallurgical and Transaction A 43A:572–581

    Google Scholar 

  21. Silverstein R, Eliezer D (2015) Hydrogen trapping mechanism of different duplex stainless steels alloys. J Alloys Compd 644:280–286

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Nakatani M, Minoshima K (2011) Influence of activation energy and sensitivity to hydrogen embrittlement on fatigue strength degradation by irreversible hydrogen in high-strength steels. Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures 34(5):363–373

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Komazaki S, Sugimoto T (2005) Changes in hydrogen desorption profiles and materials degradation in 12% Cr rotor steel. 11th International Conference on Fracture. Volume 1. Italy. ISBN: 978–1–61782-063-2

  24. Koyama M et al (2015) Spatially and kinetically resolved mapping of hydrogen in a twinning-induced plasticity steel by use of scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy. J Electrochem Soc 162(12):C638–C647

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Li D, Gangloff RP, Scully JR (2002) Hydrogen diffusion and trapping behavior in ultrahigh strength AERMET 100 steel. University of Virginia, Charlottesville

    Google Scholar 

  26. Wei FG, Tsuzaki K (2006) Quantitative analysis on hydrogen trapping of TiC particles in steel. Metall Mater Trans A 37(2):331–353

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Asahi H, Hirakami D, Yamasaki S (2003) Hydrogen trapping behavior in vanadium-added steel. ISIJ Int 43(4):527–533

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Rehrl J et al (2014) The impact of Nb, Ti, Zr, B, V, and Mo on the hydrogen diffusion in four different AHSS/UHSS microstructures. Steel Research International 85(3):336–346

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Lee J-Y, Lee J-L (1987) A trapping theory of hydrogen in pure iron. Philosophical Magazine A 56(3):293–309

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Mizuno M, Anzai H, Aoyama T, Suzuki T (1994) Determination of hydrogen concentration in austenitic stainless steels by thermal desorption spectroscopy. Mater Trans JIM 35(10):703–707

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Bhadeshia HKDH (2016) Prevention of hydrogen embrittlement in steels. ISIJ Int 56(1):24–36

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Song EJ (2015) Hydrogen desorption in steels. Thesis for doctor of philosophy. Pohang University of Science and Technology pp 116

  33. Steppan E, Mente T, Boellinghaus T (2013) Numerical investigations on cold cracking avoidance in filet welds of high-strength steels. Welding in the World 57:359–371

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205, Berlin, Germany

    Enrico Steppan, Philipp Mantzke, Benjamin R. Steffens, Michael Rhode & Thomas Kannengiesser

  2. USAFA/DFEM, 2354 Fairchild Dr, United States Air Force Academy, CO, 80840, USA

    Benjamin R. Steffens

Authors
  1. Enrico Steppan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Philipp Mantzke
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Benjamin R. Steffens
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Michael Rhode
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Thomas Kannengiesser
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Enrico Steppan.

Additional information

Recommended for publication by Commission II - Arc Welding and Filler Metals

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Steppan, E., Mantzke, P., Steffens, B.R. et al. Thermal desorption analysis for hydrogen trapping in microalloyed high-strength steels. Weld World 61, 637–648 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-017-0451-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-017-0451-z

Keywords (IIW Thesaurus)

Search

Navigation