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Water in diesel emulsion fuel: production, properties, performance, and exhaust emission analysis

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Abstract

Due to the growing population and industrialization, the use of diesel is increasing day by day. Diesel engine emits exhaust emissions like NOx, SOx, CO, CO2 and particulate matter. To overcome this problem new development in diesel is emulsion fuel, which can decrease the exhaust emission. Emulsion fuel is made up of water in diesel emulsion stabilized by surfactants. A considerable part of emulsion fuel is diesel and has properties of diesel hence can be replaced in an existing diesel engine. Emulsion fuel was prepared three different instruments and at different HLB (Hydrophilic Lipophilic Balance) values. The emulsion prepared using HPH (High-pressure homogenizer) at 9 HLB had the most similar properties to pure diesel. Emulsion fuel was successful in decreasing the exhaust emission by 50–70%. Some part of diesel in emulsion fuel is replaced with water and surfactants, which does not contribute to energy, hence it lacks in performance test compared with same quantity of pure diesel. If we compare emulsion fuels, HPH based emulsion outperformed the sonication emulsion. Overall, emulsion fuel can be the better option with 60% of pollution reduction, whereas it does not help in enhancement of the engine performance.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to express their gratitude to the Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT), Mumbai for providing the facilities and equipment for this research.

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  1. Department of Oils, Oleochemicals and Surfactants, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India

    Aman Attar, Jyotsna Waghmare & Swapnil Mane

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  1. Aman Attar
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  2. Jyotsna Waghmare
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  3. Swapnil Mane
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Correspondence to Aman Attar.

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Attar, A., Waghmare, J. & Mane, S. Water in diesel emulsion fuel: production, properties, performance, and exhaust emission analysis. Int J Energy Environ Eng 13, 729–738 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40095-021-00459-0

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