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Characterization studies of novel series of cobalt (II), nickel (II) and copper (II) complexes: DNA binding and antibacterial activity

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Abstract

Purpose

In the present investigation metal (II) complexes containing binuclear Co (II), mono nuclear Ni (II), and Cu (II) with ligand 2E-N-phenyl-2-[([1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]benzimidazol-2yl) methylidene]hydrazine-1-carbothioamide moiety were synthesized in ethanolic medium, recrystallized and investigated for their biological properties. The carbothioamide was derived from the reaction of benzo [4, 5] imidazo [2, 1-b] thiazole-2-carbaldehyde and 4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazide at reflux temperature.

Methods

The newly formed compounds were characterized by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ESR spectroscopic techniques and elemental analysis. Ligand containing “O” and “S” donor atoms participated in coordination with metal (II) complexes and are confirmed by FT-IR, electronic absorption spectra, 1H-NMR data. DNA binding properties of these metal complexes were investigated by ESR, magnetic moments and electronic absorption spectroscopy.

Results

Antibacterial studies, DNA binding constants of the complexes indicated intercalative binding mode involving strong aromatic chromophoric groups and base pairs of DNA. All the complexes (2a, 2b and 2c) showed intercalative binding with DNA and DNA cleavage was studied in presence and absence of H2O2 which was observed for copper (II) complex.

Conclusion

Antibacterial study results showed that cobalt complex inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus epidermis, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli with MIC values of 7.98 µg/mL, 8.12 µg/mL, 7.34 µg/mL, and 7.56 µg/mL respectively. Metal (II) complexes exhibit higher antibacterial activity than the parent ligand.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Dr. Kandikere Ramaiah Prabhu, Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, for kind technical support.

Funding

Authors did not received any funding from any institutions or from any source for this research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Angadi Institute of Technology and Management (AITM), Savagon Road, Belagavi, 5800321, Karnataka, India

    Vinayak Adimule

  2. Department of Chemistry, Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore, 560054, Karnataka, India

    Basappa C. Yallur & P. Murali Krishna

  3. Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, 590018, Karnataka, India

    Basappa C. Yallur

  4. Department of Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, 574199, India

    Vinutha Kamat

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  1. Vinayak Adimule
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  2. Basappa C. Yallur
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  3. Vinutha Kamat
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  4. P. Murali Krishna
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Contributions

Dr. Basappa C Yallur and Dr. Vinayak Adimule designed the synthetic scheme, synthesized the compounds, purified and took the 1H-NMR and 13 C-NMR characterization and also analyzed the results and wrote the paper. Miss. Vinutha Kamat and Dr. P Murli Krishna involved in the DNA binding studies, DNA cleavage studies and antimicrobial studies of the synthesized compounds and assimilation of the results.

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Correspondence to Vinayak Adimule or Basappa C. Yallur.

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All the authors (V. Adimule, B.C. Yallur, V. Kamat, and P. Murali Krishna) declare that they do not have any conflict of interest.

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In the present manuscript all the experiments were carried out without involving any human or animal trials and all the authors comply with the same while performing experiments without any human or animal studies.

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Adimule, V., Yallur, B.C., Kamat, V. et al. Characterization studies of novel series of cobalt (II), nickel (II) and copper (II) complexes: DNA binding and antibacterial activity. J. Pharm. Investig. 51, 347–359 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40005-021-00524-0

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