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Flexible production of three-dimensional biocomposite from cotton micro-dust waste and sand blend through a novel combination of molten salt hydrate and sodium L-glutamate salt

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Abstract

Cotton micro-dust (CMD) is a low-cost feedstock produced by cotton spinning mills. It consists of cellulose as the chief component, along with other non-cellulosic lignin and extractives. The two-stage pretreatment of CMD using alkali and acid facilitated cellulose enrichment and promoted favorable morphology for producing cellulose-based biomaterials. The process involves the solubilization of cellulose using an inexpensive and environmentally friendly zinc chloride solution for further conversion to biomaterials. The addition of novel cross-linker monosodium glutamate (MSG) at 5% (by weight) concentration facilitated the preparation of the polymer matrix at room temperature. The gelation process that transformed the liquid mixture into a solid polymer matrix depended on the shear-sensitive interaction between the Zn–CMD solution and the MSG. Further, the mix of CMD–ZnCl2 and MSG was converted into a biocomposite by a reinforcement step with pit sand. The Zn–CMD–MSG acted as a binder for sand particles and formed a solid biocomposite. The complex association of sand with CMD conferred high thermal stability to the biocomposite. Moreover, the biocomposite showed good mechanical properties, with a tensile strength of 20 MPa and a flexural strength of 12 MPa. Hence, the present process is promising for developing a cellulose-based green composite from low-cost cotton waste and sand.

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Acknowledgements

The authors greatly acknowledge IIT Madras for awarding half time teaching assistantship to Vignesh Natarajan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India

    Vignesh Natarajan & Chandraraj Krishnan

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India

    Dali Naidu Arnepalli

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  1. Vignesh Natarajan
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  2. Dali Naidu Arnepalli
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  3. Chandraraj Krishnan
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Contributions

VN—Conceptualization; Experimental design; Investigation; Methodology; Data curation; Writing original draft; DNA—Assistance in the characterization works, Writing—review & editing; CK—Formal analysis; Investigation; Supervision; Writing—review & editing.

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Correspondence to Dali Naidu Arnepalli or Chandraraj Krishnan.

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Natarajan, V., Arnepalli, D.N. & Krishnan, C. Flexible production of three-dimensional biocomposite from cotton micro-dust waste and sand blend through a novel combination of molten salt hydrate and sodium L-glutamate salt. Iran Polym J (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-024-01322-9

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