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Poly (N-vinyl formamide-co-acrylamide) hydrogels: synthesis, composition and rheology

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Abstract

Poly(N-vinyl formamide-co-acrylamide) hydrogels were prepared by free radical chain polymerization using ammonium persulfate as redox initiator, N,N-Methylene bisacrylamide as crosslinker, and N, Nʹ, Nʹʹ, Nʹʹʹ-tetramethyl ethylenediamine as accelerator. The synthesis of hydrogels was confirmed by FTIR and SEM. The effect of compositional change and temperature on the mechanical and rheological behavior was explored in detail. Different rheological tests (flow curve, frequency sweep, creep recovery, and hysteresis loop) were conducted to study the effect of temperature (25–40 ℃), compositional change, and N-vinyl formamide concentration on the viscoelastic thixotropic behavior of copolymer hydrogels. Different rheological models (Bingham, modified Bingham, and Ostwald power law) were applied to check the pseudo plastic shear thinning non-Newtonian behavior, as confirmed by decline in viscosity with shear rate. Highly rough and microporous morphology, high thixotropy (hysteresis loop area of 4498.5 Pa s−1 obtained from the hysteresis loop test), and better recovery percentage (95% form creep recovery) were observed for hydrogels having increased N-vinyl formamide (NVF) concentration. The obtained results showed an increase in mechanical strength with increasing NVF concentration in the hydrogels and their valuable applications for wastewater treatment, drugs delivery, cosmetics and so on.

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Acknowledgements

Higher Education Commission of Pakistan is gratefully acknowledge for financial support under research project No. 7309.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Polymer Laboratory, National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan

    Luqman Ali Shah, Komal Gul & Ijaz Ali

  2. Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan

    Abbas Khan

  3. Department of Chemistry, Islamia College Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan

    Sayyar Muhammad & Sabiha Sultana

  4. Department of Chemistry, Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineering and Management Sciences Takatu Campus, Quetta, 87300, Pakistan

    Mohib Ullah

  5. Department of Chemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan

    Iram Bibi

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  1. Luqman Ali Shah
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  2. Komal Gul
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  4. Abbas Khan
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Correspondence to Luqman Ali Shah.

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Shah, L.A., Gul, K., Ali, I. et al. Poly (N-vinyl formamide-co-acrylamide) hydrogels: synthesis, composition and rheology. Iran Polym J 31, 845–856 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-022-01043-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-022-01043-x

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