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Tunable alignment and properties of Fe3O4/natural rubber nanocomposites

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Abstract

Although aligned magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) have been reported, there is still a major challenge to prepare aligned magnetorheological elastomers based on natural rubber (NR) or other synthetic rubbers. The result is attributed to the fact that magnetic particles are difficult to align in one direction, and the orientation in solid rubber due to its high hardness restricts the movement of magnetic particles. Here, a new thermal–mechanical–magnetic coupling molding equipment was developed to simultaneously provide heat and magnetic field. Therefore, the magnetic particles can be easily aligned in the ultra-soft rubber matrix to form aligned magneto-rheological elastomers. Furthermore, the mechanical, magnetic, thermal and swelling properties of aligned and random magneto-rheological elastomers were investigated and compared in detail. The aligned magneto-rheological elastomers showed a higher tensile strength (16.7 MPa), magneto-rheological effect (171.0%) and magnetic saturation intensity (31.3 emu/g) compared to random magneto-rheological elastomers (14.8 MPa, 168% and 26.2 emu/g), respectively. Furthermore, the solvation swelling degree (90%) of aligned magneto-rheological elastomers was also lower than that of random magneto-rheological elastomers (147%), indicating a good solvent resistance. These results were attributed to the tailoring alignment of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in the natural rubber matrix. The work provides a new method to tailoring distribution and properties of magneto-rheological elastomers based on rubbers with high hardness suitable for various applications.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful for the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grants 51773184 and U1810114, and the Shanxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (201803D421081 and 20181102014).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, People’s Republic of China

    Xiong Zhang

  2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, People’s Republic of China

    Xiong Zhang, Xiaolin Li, Guiyan Yang, Kantai Ou, Ruihua Guang & Youyi Sun

  3. Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, People’s Republic of China

    Ying Ren

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  1. Xiong Zhang
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  2. Xiaolin Li
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  3. Ying Ren
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Correspondence to Xiong Zhang or Youyi Sun.

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Zhang, X., Li, X., Ren, Y. et al. Tunable alignment and properties of Fe3O4/natural rubber nanocomposites. Iran Polym J 31, 799–807 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-022-01038-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-022-01038-8

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