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Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC.) Guill and Perr ameliorates pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure/cognitive impairment in rats via inhibition of oxidative stress

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Abstract

The study investigates the role of Anogeissus leiocarpus methanol stem bark extract (ALSE) on seizure, oxidative stress and cognitive performance in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced epilepsy in rat model. Thirty Wistar rats were allocated into five groups (n = 6). Groups 1 and 2 received normal saline intra-peritoneal (i.p) every day and PTZ (i.p) at 35 mg/kg every other day respectively. Groups 3–5 were given ALSE orally at (250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg) and Diazepam at 4 mg/kg (i.p) respectively. Groups 3–5 were given PTZ (i.p) at 35 mg/kg every other day for 30 days, 30 min after ALSE and Diazepam administration. The rats were observed for seizure activities and also evaluated for cognitive functions. The rats were euthanized thereafter and the brain histology and oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated. PTZ induction resulted into increased seizure activities leading to the development of kindling, oxidative stress, cognitive impairment and histological aberration of the hippocampus. However, pretreatment with ALSE decreased seizure activities, reversed oxidative stress and cognitive impairment and preserved hippocampal histology relative to the PTZ alone treated rats. Conclusively, ALSE was found to increase seizure latency, prevented cognitive decline, and decreased seizure activities induced by PTZ-kindling in rats. Additionally, ALSE ameliorates PTZ-induced oxidative stress and histological aberrations of the hippocampus. Hence, this study proposed that ALSE might be a promising tool for ameliorating seizure in epilepsy.

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Data availability

Data are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

ALSE:

Anogeissus leiocarpus methanol stem bark extract

PTZ:

Pentylenetetrazole

CNS:

Central nervous system

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

GSH:

Reduced glutathione

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

GAE:

Gallic acid equivalent

QE:

Quercetin equivalent

NVRI:

National Veterinary Research Institute

mEPM:

Modified Elevated Plus Maze

ITL:

Initial transfer latency

FTL:

Final transfer latency

H&E:

Hematoxylen and eosin

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the contributions of Mr. Ephraim Ayuba and Mr. Sunday Joseph Manye for their technical support. Further, Pharm. S.S Chiroma of Pharmacist Council of Nigeria and Dr. A.B Nazifi of Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bayero University Kano are also acknowledged for their scientific advises.

Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria

    Hauwa Adamu Audu, Amina Ahmed, Joseph Vandi Zirahei, Nathan Isaac Dibal & Samaila Musa Chiroma

  2. School of Nursing, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria

    Amina Ahmed

Authors
  1. Hauwa Adamu Audu
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  2. Amina Ahmed
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  3. Joseph Vandi Zirahei
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  4. Nathan Isaac Dibal
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  5. Samaila Musa Chiroma
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Contributions

Conceptualization: All authors; Experiment: HAA, AA, NID; Analysis: SMC, NID; Supervision: SMC, JVZ, NID; Writing draft: HAA, NID; Review: SMC, JVZ; Final write-up: Reviewed and approved by all authors.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Samaila Musa Chiroma.

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Ethical approval

This study was approved by the Postgraduate Board of Studies, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences University of Maiduguri, and was conducted following the ARRIVE Guidelines and the National Institute of Health Guide for the Care and Use of laboratory Animals as reported in publication volume 25 No. 28 revised in 1996 (Council 2011).

Conflict of interest

Hauwa Adamu Audu has no conflict of interest. Amina Ahmed has no conflict of interest. Joseph Vandi Zirahei has no conflict of interest. Nathan Isaac Dibal has no conflict of interest. Samaila Musa Chiroma has no conflict of interest.

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Audu, H.A., Ahmed, A., Zirahei, J.V. et al. Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC.) Guill and Perr ameliorates pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure/cognitive impairment in rats via inhibition of oxidative stress. ADV TRADIT MED (ADTM) 23, 1199–1208 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13596-022-00672-0

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