Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Electric field: a new environmental factor for controlling plant growth and development in agriculture

  • Review Article
  • Published:
Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The application of electricity to plant cultivation has a long and contentious history. Plants are exposed to natural electric fields throughout their life cycles. Therefore, electric fields should be considered as an environmental factor that affects plant growth and development. Here, we provide a review of the literature on the responses of several plants to various electric field treatments. We summarize plant responses to electric fields and discuss current challenges and future opportunities in electro-culture.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • An JI, Lee SR, Oh MM (2021) Air anions promote the growth and mineral accumulation of spinach (Spinacia oleracea) cultivated in greenhouses. Hortic Sci Technol 39:332–342

    Google Scholar 

  • Anon (1892) Actinism. The Electrician 29:110

    Google Scholar 

  • Bennett AJ, Harrison RG (2007) Atmospheric electricity in different weather conditions. Weather 62:277–283

    Google Scholar 

  • Black JD, Forsyth FR, Fensom DS, Ross RB (1971) Electrical stimulation and its effects on growth and ion accumulation in tomato plants. Can J Botany 49:1809–1815

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackman VH (1924) Field experiments in electro-culture. J Agric Sci 14:240–267

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackman VH, Legg AT (1924) Pot-culture experiments with an electric discharge. J Agric Sci 14:268–286

    Google Scholar 

  • Briggs LJ, Campbell AB, Heald RH, Flint LH (1926) Electroculture. US Dept Agric, Washington D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burdon-Sanderson J (1873) I. note on the electrical phenomena which accompany irritation of the leaf of Dionaea muscipula. Proc Royal Soc Lond 21:495–496

    Google Scholar 

  • Chand PK, Ochatt SJ, Rech EL, Power JB, Davey MR (1988) Electroporation stimulates plant regeneration from protoplasts of the woody medicinal species Solarium dulcamara L. J Exp Bot 39:1267–1274

    Google Scholar 

  • Cogalniceanu G, Radu M, Fologea D, Moisoi N, Brezeanu A (1998) Stimulation of tobacco shoot regeneration by alternating weak electric field. Bioelectrochem Bioenerg 44:257–260

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins GN, Flint LH, McLane JW (1929) Electric stimulation of plant growth. J Agric Res 38:585–600

    Google Scholar 

  • Dannehl D (2018) Effects of electricity on plant responses. Sci Hortic 234:382–392

    Google Scholar 

  • Dannehl D, Huyskens-Keil S, Eichholz I, Ulrichs C, Schmidt U (2009) Effects of intermittent-direct-electric-current (IDC) on polyphenols and antioxidant activity in radish (Raphanus sativus L.) during growth. J Appl Bot-Angew Bot 83:54–59

    Google Scholar 

  • Dijak M, Smith DL, Wilson TJ, Brown DCW (1986) Stimulation of direct embryogenesis from mesophyll protoplasts of Medicago sativa. Plant Cell Rep 5:468–470

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Elkiey TM, Bhartendu S, Barthakur N (1985) Air ion effect on respiration and photosynthesis of barley and Antirrhinum majus. Int J Biometeorol 29:285–292

    Google Scholar 

  • Fromm J, Lautner S (2006) Characteristics and functions of phloem-transmitted electrical signals in higher plants. In: Baluska F, Mancuso S, Volkmann D (eds) Communication in plants – neuronal aspects of Plant Life. Springer-Verlag, Berlin and Heidelberg, pp 321–332. In

    Google Scholar 

  • Fromm J, Lautner S (2007) Electrical signals and their physiological significance in plants: electrical signals in plants. Plant Cell Environ 30:249–257

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goldsworthy A, Rathore KS (1985) The electrical control of growth in plant tissue cultures: the polar transport of auxin. J Exp Bot 36:1134–1141

    Google Scholar 

  • Guderjan M, Topfl S, Angersbach A, Knorr D (2005) Impact of pulsed electric field treatment on the recovery and quality of plant oils. J Food Eng 67:281–287

    Google Scholar 

  • Hull GS (1898) Electro-horticulture. The Knickerbocker Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Iimoto M, Watanabe K, Fujiwara K (1996) Effects of magnetic flux density and direction of the magnetic field on growth and CO2 exchange rate of potato plantlets in vitro. Acta Hortic 440:606–610

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jones DB, Bolwell GP, Gilliatt GJ (1986) Amplification, by pulsed electromagnetic fields, of plant growth regulator induced phenylalanine ammonia-lyase during differentiation in suspension cultured plant cells. J Bioelectr 5:1–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaimoyo E, Farag MA, Sumner LW, Wasmann C, Cuello JL, VanEtten H (2008) Sub-lethal levels of electric current elicit the biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites. Biotechnol Prog 24:377–384

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kalinina IM, Krstić V, Tolić-Nørrelykke IM (2010) Cell polarity: which way to grow in an electric field? Curr Biol 20:R355–R356

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kim HN, Yi PH, Park JH (2022) Evaluation of plant-induced electrical signal and growth of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) in response to urea application in soil. Hortic Sci Technol 40:210–218

    Google Scholar 

  • Kotaka S, Krueger AP (1978) Effects of air ions on microorganisms and other biological materials. Crit Rev Microbiol 6:109–149

    Google Scholar 

  • Kotaka S, Krueger AP, Andriese PC, Nishizawa K, Ohuchi T, Takenobu M, Kozure Y (1965) Air ion effects on the oxygen consumption of barley seedlings. Nature 208:1112–1113

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Krueger AP, Kotaka S, Andriese PC (1962) Studies on the effects of gaseous ions on plant growth. I. The influence of positive and negative air ions on the growth of Avena sativa. J Gen Physiol 45:879–895

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Lanzerotti L, Gregori G (1986) Telluric currents: the natural environment and interactions with man-made systems. The Earth’s Electrical Environment. National Academies Press, Washington D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lautner S, Grams TEE, Matyssek R, Fromm J (2005) Characteristics of electrical signals in poplar and responses in photosynthesis. Plant Physiol 138:2200–2209

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SR, Oh MM (2021) Electric stimulation promotes growth, mineral uptake, and antioxidant accumulation in kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala). Bioelectrochemistry 138:107727

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SR, Kang TH, Han CS, Oh MM (2015) Air anions improve growth and mineral content of kale in plant factories. Hortic Environ Biotechnol 56:462–471

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee SR, Song MJ, Oh MM (2022) Effects of air anions on growth and economic feasibility of lettuce: a plant factory experiment approach. Sustainability 14:15468

    Google Scholar 

  • Lemström S (1904) Electricity in agriculture and horticulture. The Electrician Printing & Publishing, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Leong SY, Burritt DJ, Oey I (2016) Electropriming of wheatgrass seeds using pulsed electric fields enhances antioxidant metabolism and the bioprotective capacity of wheatgrass shoots. Sci Rep 6:1–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Maruvada PS (2012) Electric field and ion current environment of HVDC transmission lines: comparison of calculations and measurements. IEEE Trans Power Deliv 27:401–410

    Google Scholar 

  • McDonald JE (1953) The earth’s electricity. Sci Am 188:32–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Melikov KC, Frolov VA, Shcherbakov A, Samsonov AV, Chizmadzhev YA, Chernomordik LV (2001) Voltage-induced nonconductive pre-pores and metastable single pores in unmodified planar lipid bilayer. Biophys J 80:1829–1836

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Moon JD, Chung HS (2000) Acceleration of germination of tomato seed by applying AC electric and magnetic fields. J Electrostat 48:103–114

    Google Scholar 

  • Murr LE (1963) Plant growth response in a simulated electric field environment. Nature 200:490–491

    Google Scholar 

  • Murr LE (1964) Mechanism of plant-cell damage in an electrostatic field. Nature 201:1305–1306

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Murr LE (1965) Biophysics of plant growth in an electrostatic field. Nature 206:467–470

    Google Scholar 

  • Murr LE (1966) Physiological stimulation of plants using delayed and regulated electric field environments. Int J Biometeor 10:147–153

    Google Scholar 

  • Neumann E, Rosenheck K (1972) Permeability changes induced by electric impulses in vesicular membranes. J Membr Biol 10:279–290

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ochatt SJ, Chand PK, Rech EL, Davey MR, Power JB (1988) Electroporation-mediated improvement of plant regeneration from colt cherry (Prunus avium × pseudocerasus) protoplasts. Plant Sci 54:165–169

    Google Scholar 

  • Ozuna C, Cerón-García A, Sosa-Morales ME, Gómez Salazar JA, León-Galván MF, Abraham-Juárez MR (2018) Electrically induced changes in amaranth seed enzymatic activity and their effect on bioactive compounds content after germination. J Food Sci Technol 55:648–657

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pavlovič A (2012) The effect of electrical signals on photosynthesis and respiration. In: Volkov AG (ed) Plant electrophysiology – signaling and responses. Springer-Verlag, Berlin and Heidelberg, In

    Google Scholar 

  • Pohl HA (1977) Electroculture. J Biol Phys 5:3–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Rathore KS, Goldsworthy A (1985) Electrical control of shoot regeneration in plant tissue cultures. Nat Biotechnol 3:1107–1109

    Google Scholar 

  • Rech EL, Ochatt SJ, Chand PK, Power JB, Davey MR (1987) Electro-enhancement of division of plant protoplast-derived cells. Protoplasma 141:169–176

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmiedchen K, Petri AK, Driessen S, Bailey WH (2018) Systematic review of biological effects of exposure to static electric fields. Part II: invertebrates and plants. Environ Res 160:60–76

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scott BIH (1967) Electric fields in plants. Annu Rev Plant Physiol 18:409–418

    Google Scholar 

  • Shine MB, Guruprasad KN, Anand A (2011) Enhancement of germination, growth, and photosynthesis in soybean by pre-treatment of seeds with magnetic field. Bioelectromagnetics 32:474–484

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sibaoka T (1969) Physiology of rapid movements in higher plants. Annu Rev Plant Physiol 20:165–184

    Google Scholar 

  • Soliva-Fortuny R, Balasa A, Knorr D, Martín-Belloso O (2009) Effects of pulsed electric fields on bioactive compounds in foods: a review. Trends Food Sci Technol 20:544–556

    Google Scholar 

  • Solly E (1846) Report on the Fifteenth Meeting of the british Society for the Advancement of Science. British Association for the Advancement of Science, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Song MJ, Kang TH, Han CS, Oh MM (2014) Air anions enhance lettuce growth in plant factories. Hortic Environ Biotechnol 55:293–298

    Google Scholar 

  • Stone GE (1911) Cyclopedia of American Agriculture. Vol 2: crops. Macmillan, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Sukhov V, Sukhova E, Vodeneev V (2019) Long-distance electrical signals as a link between the local action of stressors and the systemic physiological responses in higher plants. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 146:63–84

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vallverdú-Queralt A, Oms-Oliu G, Odriozola-Serrano I, Lamuela-Raventos RM, Martin-Belloso O, Elez-Martinez P (2012) Effects of pulsed electric fields on the bioactive compound content and antioxidant capacity of tomato fruit. J Agric Food Chem 60:3126–3134

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Volkov AG (2006) Plant electrophysiology – theory and methods. Springer-Verlag, Berlin and Heidelberg

    Google Scholar 

  • Volkov AG, Markin VS (2015) Active and Passive Electrical signaling in plants. Prog Bot 76:143–176

    Google Scholar 

  • Volkov AG, Shtessel YB (2018) Electrical signal propagation within and between tomato plants. Bioelectrochemistry 124:195–205

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wanner LA, Li G, Ware D, Somssich IE, Davis KR (1995) The phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Mol Biol 27:327–338

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wechsler D (2015) Electro-Horticulture. Leanpub, British Columbia

    Google Scholar 

  • Ye H, Huang LL, Chen SD, Zhong JJ (2004) Pulsed electric field stimulates plant secondary metabolism in suspension cultures of Taxus chinensis. Biotechnol Bioeng 88:788–795

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang H, Hashinaga F (1997) Effect of high electric fields on the germination and early growth of some vegetable seeds. J Japanese Soc Hort Sci 66:347–352

    Google Scholar 

  • Zimmermann MR, Maischak H, Mithöfer A, Boland W, Felle HH (2009) System potentials, a novel electrical long-distance apoplastic signal in plants, induced by wounding. Plant Physiol 149:1593–1600

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (grant number 2020R1I1A3074865).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Contributions

Conceptualization, writing—original draft preparation, and project administration, S.R. Lee; writing—review and funding acquisition, M.M. Oh. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Myung-Min Oh.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Additional information

Communicated by Young Yeol Cho.

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Lee, S., Oh, MM. Electric field: a new environmental factor for controlling plant growth and development in agriculture. Hortic. Environ. Biotechnol. 64, 955–961 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13580-023-00525-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13580-023-00525-y

Keywords

Navigation