Abstract
Korea is considered one of the original centers of Chrysanthemum species, which are important flower crops due to their ornamental and economic values. At present, the genetic resources in wild Chrysanthemum have not been fully exploited. In this study, we evaluated the morphological characteristics and chromosome analysis using forescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique in four wild Chrysanthemum species to better understand the relationships among species and their evolutionary adaptations to environmental conditions. Although there were some similarities in leaf and flower characteristics, there was high overall variation among the investigated species based on our analysis. Flower diameters ranged from 1.57 ± 0.07 cm (A102) to 3.10 ± 0.10 cm (A7). Also, the RGB values of the white flowers of species A7 were higher than those of the yellow flowers of species A5, A102, and B6. The longest leaf length was observed in species A5 (8.14 ± 0.10 cm), which was dark in color on the upper leaf side, whereas A102 exhibited the shortest leaf length (5.67 ± 0.28 cm) and width (3.20 ± 0.20 cm). FISH karyotype analysis showed that one pair of 5S and three pair of 18S rDNA were observed in all investigated species. The number and distribution pattern of rDNA showed similar arrangement in A5, A102, and B6. One pair of 18S rDNA signals were detected on the terminal region of the short arm chromosomes 3, 7, and 8, respectively. One pair of 5S rDNA signal was located in the interstitial region of chromosome 4. For the A7 species, 5S rDNA were detected in the long arm of chromosome 7 and one pair of 18S rDNA were found in the short arm of chromosomes 2, 5, and 6. According to the results, this study provides basic knowledge on the relationships between the evolution and genomics of Chrysanthemum traits, which are especially important for selecting donor and recipient plants in modern Chrysanthemum breeding programs.
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Acknowledgements
This work was carried out with the support of “Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science and Technology Development (Project No. PJ012804)”, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.
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TKH carried out the experiments, analyzed the data, and wrote the manuscript. YW carried out the FISH experiments. YJH designed the experiments and contributed to the technical supports. JHL supervised the project, and conceived the original idea.
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Communicated by Tae-Ho Han, Ph.D.
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Hoang, T., Wang, Y., Hwang, YJ. et al. Analysis of the morphological characteristics and karyomorphology of wild Chrysanthemum species in Korea. Hortic. Environ. Biotechnol. 61, 359–369 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13580-019-00222-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13580-019-00222-9