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Overexpression of the Arabidopsis ceramide synthase gene AtLOH1 enhances plant cold stress tolerance

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Abstract

The Arabidopsis ceramide synthase gene AtLOH1 plays important roles in cell growth and abiotic stress responses. However, we do not know if the AtLOH1 gene play a role in low temperature stress in plant cells. In this investigation, overexpression of the AtLOH1 gene was performed in rice (Oryza sativa L.), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), and white pine (Pinus strobus L.) using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV3101-mediated transformation. Overexpression of the AtLOH1 gene in O. sativa, G. hirsutum, and P. strobus was confirmed by molecular methods including PCR, Southern, and northern blotting analyses. Low temperature stress was examined in O. sativa, G. hirsutum, and P. strobus by analyzing three AtLOH1 transgenic cell lines from each of rice, cotton, and pine. Increasing cell viability and cell growth rate, decreasing lipid peroxidation and ion leakage, as well as elevating the activity of antioxidative enzymes and the content of polyamines, suggest that overexpression of the AtLOH1 gene enhanced low temperature stress tolerance. Overexpression of the AtLOH1 increases expression of polyamines biosynthesis genes in transgenic O. sativa cells and improves survival rate of transgenic P. strobus shoots and plantlets under cold stress. These results indicated that overexpression of the AtLOH1 gene in plant cells enhanced cold stress tolerance by elevating polyamines content, antioxidative enzyme activity, and expression of polyamine biosynthesis genes. Overexpression of the AtLOH1 gene could be a valuable approach for engineering plant cold stress tolerance.

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Abbreviations

APOX:

 Ascorbate peroxidase

CAT:

Catalase

PPO:

Polyphenol oxidase

POD:

Peroxidase

AtLOH1 :

Arabidopsis ceramide synthase gene 1

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

AtLOH2 :

Arabidopsis ceramide synthase gene 2

AtLOH3:

Arabidopsis ceramide synthase gene 3

EDTA :

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

PVP:

Polyvinylpyrrolidone

OsSAMDC1 :

S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene 1

OsSAMDC2 :

S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene 2

OsSAMDC3 :

S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene 3

OsSAMDC4 :

S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene 4

OsSAMDC5 :

S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene 5

OsSAMDC6 :

S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase gene 6

OsADC1 :

Arginine decarboxylase gene 1

OsADC2 :

Arginine decarboxylase gene 2

OsADC3 :

Arginine decarboxylase gene 3

OsODC1 :

Ornithine decarboxylase gene 1

OsODC2 :

Ornithine decarboxylase gene 2

OsODC3 :

Ornithine decarboxylase gene 3

OsCPA1 :

Carbamoylputrescine amidase gene 1

OsCPA2 :

Carbamoylputrescine amidase gene 2

OsCPA3 :

Carbamoylputrescine amidase gene 3

OsSPD/SPM1 :

Spermidine / spermine synthase gene 1

OsSPD/SPM2 :

 Spermidine / spermine synthase gene 1

OsSPD/SPM3 :

Spermidine / spermine synthase gene 1

OsSPD/SPM4 :

Spermidine / spermine synthase gene 1

TBARS:

Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances

TBA:

Thiobarbituric acid

Put:

Putrescine

Spd:

Spermidine

Spm:

Spermine

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the instrumentation facility of the university for providing necessary experiment set up. We appreciate the University Council of Scientific Research for support. We thank Dr. Prasad, Dr. Lischewski, and Dr. Page for their critical reading and suggestions during the preparation of this manuscript.

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  1. College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China

    Wei Tang

  2. CIMAS, Duke University, 101 Science Drive, Durham, NC, 27708, USA

    Wells A. Thompson

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WT and WAT conceived and designed the experiments. WT wrote the paper. WT and WAT performed the experiment and analyzed the data. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Wei Tang.

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Tang, W., Thompson, W.A. Overexpression of the Arabidopsis ceramide synthase gene AtLOH1 enhances plant cold stress tolerance. J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol. 32, 487–502 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13562-023-00830-8

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