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Inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes associated with type 2 diabetes and antioxidative properties of some edible seeds in vitro

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Abstract

This study sought to evaluate the antioxidant properties and effects of some edible wild seeds [Afzelia africana Sm. (AFZ), Cyperus esculentus L. (CYP), Eleusine coracana Gaertn. (ELE), Irvingia gabonensis (Aubry-Lecomte ex O’Rorke) Baill. (IRV), Monodora myristica Dunal. (MON) and Parinari curatellifolia Planch. ex Benth. (PAR)] on α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities. The phenolic content and antioxidant activities of aqueous extracts of the seeds as typified by 1,1-diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl (OH) radicals scavenging abilities and inhibition of Fe2+-induced malondialdehyde (MDA) production in rat’s pancreas in vitro were also assessed. ELE had significantly (p < 0.05) higher total phenol content than the other seeds; however, AFZ had the highest flavonoid content. The extracts scavenged DPPH· and OH· in a dose-dependent manner with aqueous extracts of PAR having the highest DPPH· scavenging ability, while extracts from IRV had the highest OH· scavenging ability and inhibition of Fe2+-induced MDA production in rat’s pancreas. Furthermore, all the extracts inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities in a dose-dependent manner. The α-amylase inhibitory effect of MON (IC50 = 0.48 mg/mL) was comparable to that of acarbose (IC50 = 0.40 mg/mL), while the α-glucosidase inhibitory effect of AFZ (IC50 = 0.45 mg/mL) was comparable to that of acarbose (IC50 = 0.39 mg/mL). The results suggest the potential use of the seeds in the dietary management of blood glucose levels associated with type 2 diabetes.

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  1. Functional Foods and Nutraceutical Units, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

    A. O. Ademosun & G. Oboh

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  1. A. O. Ademosun
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  2. G. Oboh
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Correspondence to G. Oboh.

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Ademosun, A.O., Oboh, G. Inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes associated with type 2 diabetes and antioxidative properties of some edible seeds in vitro. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 35 (Suppl 3), 516–521 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-015-0339-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-015-0339-7

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