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Thermokinetic study of coconut husk pyrolysis in the devolatilization zone using volatile state approach

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Abstract

Coconut husk is a residue from coconut processing plants that has not been widely utilized. Pyrolysis has the opportunity to convert it into chemicals in the form of bio-crude oil (BCO). Therefore, this study aims to examine the thermal decomposition behavior as well as determine the kinetic and activation thermodynamic parameters of coconut husk pyrolysis in the devolatilization zone using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Volatile state Kissinger-Akahira Sunose (KAS), volatile state Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO), volatile state Friedman, and volatile state Coats-Redfern (CR) methods were employed with heating rates of 5, 10, and 20 °C.min−1. The TGA result supports the evidence of the non-isothermal pattern in the mass loss profile. Besides, the average ranges of activation energy, pre-exponential factor, activation enthalpy, activation entropy, and activation Gibbs free energy of coconut husk pyrolysis are 197.56–198.41 kJ.mol−1, 6.08 × 1020–1.41 × 1022 s−1, 192.87–193.73 kJ.mol−1, − 0.24–0.28 kJ.mol−1.K−1, and 152.39–166.12 kJ.mol−1, in a respective term. The pattern of activation energy shows that it initially enhances along with reaction progress and temperature due to low molecular mobility and then the value alleviates as the completion decomposition process to form BCO. On the other side, the results of the activation thermodynamics parameters prove that this process is endothermic, forms a transition state (ordered) before forming the product (disordered), and requires an external supply of heat. As a recommendation, the volatile approach is proven can describe the relationship between activation energy and activation thermodynamic parameters in the transition state.

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The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the National Innovation Research Agency (BRIN) in Cibinong for the TGA analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya, Kampus II, West Java, 17121, Indonesia

    Pandit Hernowo

  2. Research Center For Sustainable Production System and Life Cycle Assessment, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), KST BJ Habibie, Building 720 Puspiptek Area, South Tangerang, Banten, 15314, Indonesia

    Soen Steven

  3. Biomass Technology Workshop, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia

    Soen Steven & Yazid Bindar

  4. Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Sains Dan Teknologi Al-Kamal, West Jakarta, 11520, Indonesia

    Muhammad Maulidin & Alif Gita Arumsari

  5. Research Group On Biomass and Food Processing Technology, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia

    Yazid Bindar

  6. Research Group On Law and Science, Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya, Kampus II, West Java, 17121, Indonesia

    Amalia Syauket

  7. Government Junior High School, SMPN 2 Tigaraksa, Tangerang, 15720, Indonesia

    Komang Ria Saraswati

  8. Department of Industrial Engineering, Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya, Kampus II, West Java, 17121, Indonesia

    Dede Rukmayadi

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  1. Pandit Hernowo
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Contributions

Pandit Hernowo: conceptualization, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing, and visualization. Soen Steven: writing—review and editing, formal analysis, critical revising, and visualization. Muhammad Maulidin and Alif Gita Arumsari: methodology, investigation, and data curation. Yazid Bindar: conceptualization and formal analysis. Amalia Syauket, Komang Ria Saraswati and Dede Rukmayadi: formal analysis.

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Hernowo, P., Steven, S., Maulidin, M. et al. Thermokinetic study of coconut husk pyrolysis in the devolatilization zone using volatile state approach. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-024-05706-y

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