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Effective removal of lead (Pb) by natural biosorbent marine microalgae (Dunaliella salina) through batch experiment

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Abstract

This study was undertaken to investigate the biosorption of lead (Pb) by marine microalgae D. salina through batch model. The D. salina was isolated and identified by standard method and mass cultured in outdoor condition with optimum condition. The sorbent was prepared and analysed through FT-IR spectroscopy, and observed active functional groups such as alkyl halide (C-I and C–Cl), alcohol (C-O), aromatic (C = C), alkene (C = C), C≡N, alkyl (C-H) and amine (N–H) with different stretching were observed at the wavelength between 501.71 and 2897.19 cm−1. The batch experiment was conducted with several factors such as pH, contact time and sorbent dosage. In the pH experiment, the results were shown pH dependent, and the maximum Pb absorption was noticed for 4.5 mg/L at the pH of 7–8, and the lowest Pb absorption was recorded 1.1 mg/L at the pH of 12. In time duration set, the absorption was noticed time dependent, and maximum of Pb removal by contact time was noticed higher in 120 min of 3.9 mg/L and lower absorption in initial time of 30 min. The influence of sorbent dosage on Pb removal was displayed concentration dependent, the maximum removal of lead 6.1 mg/L was noticed in 10 g L−1, and the lowest removal was observed in initial dosage of 2 g L−1. In conclusion, D. salina has more metal binding functional groups and sites on surface, and also it is a cheap cost additional biosorbent for removal of metal from industrial effluents.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the Dr. R. Vasanthakumar, President, Mr. V. Karthick, Trustee and Dr. B.V. Pradeep, Deputy Registrar, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Eachanari, Coimbatore-21, Tamil Nadu, India, for providing the necessary lab facilities during the experimental study.

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Author notes

  1. Meivelu Moovendhan and M. Kavisri contributed equally to the work

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Pollachi Main Road, Eachanari, Coimbatore, 641021, Tamil Nadu, India

    R. Dineshkumar, M. Sowndariya, S. Kalaiselvi, G. Israth Rehana & M. Durai Murugan

  2. Centre for Remote Sensing, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India

    Marykutty Abraham

  3. Bioengineering and Drug Design Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT-M), Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India

    Meivelu Moovendhan

  4. Centre for Ocean Research, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600 119, Tamil Nadu, India

    Meivelu Moovendhan

  5. School of Building and Environment, Department of Civil Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai , 600119, Tamil Nadu, India

    M. Kavisri

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  1. R. Dineshkumar
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Dineshkumar, R., Sowndariya, M., Kalaiselvi, S. et al. Effective removal of lead (Pb) by natural biosorbent marine microalgae (Dunaliella salina) through batch experiment. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 14, 1847–1852 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-02260-9

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