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Effects of Spin-Casting Speed on Solar Cell Performances and Corresponding Films Morphology and Optical Properties Using 2D Perovskite of PEA2MA2Pb3I10

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Abstract

On hot substrates with a temperature of 100 °C, the qualities of two-dimensional perovskite PEA2MA2Pb3I10 (PEA = phenethylammonium, MA = methylammonium) films have been explored which are constructed with different spin-casting speeds. These films are performed at the speed of 1000, 2000, 4000, and 6000 revolution per minute (RPM). Below 4000 r, a higher RPM results in higher crystalline quality with more uniform morphology. Correspondingly, 4000 r devices show better performance on average (4.3% power conversion efficiency) and less hysteresis in the J-V curve than 1000 r (3.6%) and 2000 r devices (3.4%). However, for devices that were fabricated at 6000 r, inferior performance (2.8% on average) may not be predicted simply by the morphology characterization or optical measurement results at room temperature; instead, carrier trapping states can occur that result in thermally activated PL below 200 K with an activation energy of 18 meV, which do not occur in the 1000 r, 2000 r, and 4000 r films. Our results suggest that for evaluating 2D perovskite films prior to fabricating optimal devices, multiple morphology characterizations and optical measurements, including of low-temperature PL, will be helpful.

Graphical Abstract

Integrated PL intensity as a function of the inverse temperature of 1000 r, 2000 r, 4000 r and 6000 r, respectively, shows that optical measurements (especially low-temperature PL) are needed if we want to directly linked the optical properties of perovskite materials to the performances of corresponding devices.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the support of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 62074079, 61627802, 61874056).

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  1. School of Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450044, China

    Yang Zhang

  2. School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China

    Yang Zhang, Zeyang Wang, Ting Liu, Bo Yang, Shu Hu, Heng Li & ChuanXiang Sheng

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Zhang, Y., Wang, Z., Liu, T. et al. Effects of Spin-Casting Speed on Solar Cell Performances and Corresponding Films Morphology and Optical Properties Using 2D Perovskite of PEA2MA2Pb3I10. Electron. Mater. Lett. 18, 282–293 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13391-022-00343-x

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