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Impact of Thermal Radiation on Water-Based Hybrid Nanofluid (\(\hbox {Cu}\)–\(\hbox {Al}_2\hbox {O}_3\)–\(\hbox {H}_2\hbox {O}\)) Flow Over a Forward/Backward Moving Vertical Porous Plate

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Abstract

A complex and fascinating field of study with a wide range of applications can be created by combining natural convection, hybrid nanofluid, thermal radiation, magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), Laplace transform, heat generation/absorption, and forward/backward moving vertical plates. The novelty of this research lies in its comprehensive exploration of heat transport in a specific hybrid nanofluid with a focus on multi-physics interactions, plate motion scenarios, and the application of mathematical techniques. These factors make the study a valuable contribution to heat transfer and fluid dynamics, with potential applications in various engineering and industrial settings. Therefore this work deals with the analysis of an unsteady, electrically conducting, water-based hybrid nanofluid across a forward and backward moving vertical porous plate. Using Laplace transform techniques, the temperature and velocity distributions of a hybrid nanofluid (\(\hbox {Cu}\)–\(\hbox {Al}_2\hbox {O}_3\)–\(\hbox {H}_2\hbox {O}\)) at different fluid parameters, such as MHD, radiation, porosity, and the heat generation/absorption values at the moment of the plate moving forward and backward, are obtained. The brightly overlaid graphical representation conveys the velocity and temperature distributions.

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Abbreviations

\(B_0\) :

Magnetic field intensity (\(\hbox {N mA}^{_-1}\))

\(k^*\) :

Porous parameter (–)

\(q_\textrm{r}\) :

Thermal radiation (–)

\(Q_0\) :

Heat generation/absorption (–)

Pr:

Prandtl number (–)

T :

Temperature of the hybrid nanofluid (k)

\(T_\textrm{w}\) :

Wall temperature (k)

\(T_\infty \) :

Ambient temperature (k)

\(\phi _{\textrm{hnf}}\) :

Hybrid nanofluid volume fraction

\(\mu _{\textrm{f}}\) :

Base fluid dynamic viscosity (\(\hbox {kg m}^{-1}\hbox {s}^{-1}\))

\(\mu _{\textrm{hnf}}\) :

Hybrid nanofluid dynamic viscosity (\(\hbox {kg m}^{-1}\hbox {s}^{-1}\))

\(c_\textrm{p}\) :

Heat capacity (\(\hbox {J kg}^{-1}\, \hbox {k}^{-1}\))

k :

Thermal conductivity (\(\hbox {W}\,\hbox {m}^{-1}\,\hbox {k}^{-1}\))

\(\alpha \) :

Thermal diffusivity

\(\beta \) :

Coefficient of thermal expansion (\(\hbox {k}^{-1}\))

\(\rho _{\textrm{f}}\) :

Fluid density (\(\hbox {kg}\, \hbox {m}^{-3}\))

\(\sigma ^{*}\) :

Stefan–Boltzmann constant (\(\hbox {W}\,\hbox {m}^{-2}\,\hbox {k}^{-4}\))

\(\theta \) :

Dimensionless temperature (–)

u :

Non-dimensional velocity (–)

\(\tau \) :

Dimensionless time (–)

\(\lambda \) :

Direction of the plate moment (–)

g :

Gravity (\(\hbox {m}\,s^{-2}\))

Gr:

Grashof number (–)

M :

Magnetic parameter (–)

Cu:

Copper

\(\hbox {Al}_2\hbox {O}_3\) :

Aluminum oxide

\(\hbox {H}_2\hbox {O}\) :

Water

f:

Fluid

hnf:

Hybrid nanofluid

w:

Wall

\(\infty \) :

Infinity

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful for the reviewer’s valuable comments and suggestions that improve the quality of the paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mathematics, Apollo Arts and Science College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600105, India

    S. Arulmozhi

  2. Department of Mathematics, Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

    K. Sukkiramathi

  3. Department of Mathematics, JIS College of Engineering, Kalyani, 741235, India

    S. S. Santra

  4. Department of Mathematics, Applied Science Cluster, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India

    S. Nandi

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Arulmozhi, S., Sukkiramathi, K., Santra, S.S. et al. Impact of Thermal Radiation on Water-Based Hybrid Nanofluid (\(\hbox {Cu}\)–\(\hbox {Al}_2\hbox {O}_3\)–\(\hbox {H}_2\hbox {O}\)) Flow Over a Forward/Backward Moving Vertical Porous Plate. Arab J Sci Eng (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-024-09108-0

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