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Preparation, Characterization and Adsorption Study of PEDGE-Cross-linked Magnetic Chitosan (PEDGE-MCh) Microspheres for Cd2+ Removal

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Abstract

To enhance the ability and practicality of chitosan used for wastewater treatment, this study aimed to modify chitosan through cross-linking and addition of magnetic properties. Cross-linked magnetic chitosan microspheres were prepared using the inverse phase dispersion method and then applied for Cd2+ removal from water. Fe3O4 nanoparticles prepared from local iron sand were embedded with chitosan cross-linked by polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (PEDGE) to produce PEDGE cross-linked magnetic chitosan (PEDGE-MCh) microspheres. PEDGE-MCh microspheres were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analyses. Altogether, the characterization confirmed the formation of cross-linking and the interaction among components in the adsorbent. Additionally, the characterization also revealed the additional features of functional groups, rougher surface, and more amorphous properties beneficial in pollutant removal. Further, the batch adsorption experiments suggest that the cross-linking and addition of Fe3O4 improved the adsorption capacity. The highest adsorption capacity was obtained at pH 5 with a contact time of 40 min. Adsorption isotherm studies indicated that the Cd2+ adsorption onto PEDGE-MCh microsphere was Redlich-Peterson dependent (R2 = 0.9996 and root-mean-square errors = 0.064). The regeneration remained the primary challenge of PEDGE-MCh application in the wastewater treatment.

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Acknowledgements

Authors appreciate the collaboration between Universitas Syiah Kuala, Aceh, Indonesia and The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan during the research and the making of this article.

Funding

This research is funded by Universitas Syiah Kuala through Penelitian Lektor Kepala scheme.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, 2311, Indonesia

    Rahmi Rahmi, Lelifajri Lelifajri, Fathurrahmi Fathurrahmi, Rahmawati Sembiring & Muhammad Iqhrammullah

  2. Department of Agricultural Chemistry, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan

    Mudassar Iqbal

  3. Mechanical Engineering Department, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia

    Jalaluddin Jalaluddin

  4. Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teaching, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia

    Mutia Farida

  5. Graduate School of Mathematics and Applied Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia

    Muhammad Iqhrammullah

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Contributions

RR, LL and FF contributed to conceptualization; RR and JJ contributed to methodology; MI contributed to software; MI, MF and LL contributed to validation; MI and RR contributed to formal analysis; RS and MI contributed to investigation; RR contributed to resources; JJ and MI contributed to data curation; RR contributed to writing—original draft preparation; MI, MF, and MI contributed to writing—review and editing; JJ contributed to visualization; RR, LL, and FF contributed to supervision; RR contributed to project administration; RR contributed to funding acquisition.

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Correspondence to Rahmi Rahmi.

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Rahmi, R., Lelifajri, L., Iqbal, M. et al. Preparation, Characterization and Adsorption Study of PEDGE-Cross-linked Magnetic Chitosan (PEDGE-MCh) Microspheres for Cd2+ Removal. Arab J Sci Eng 48, 159–167 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-022-06786-6

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