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Pangium edule Reinw: A Promising Non-edible Oil Feedstock for Biodiesel Production

  • Research Article - Mechanical Engineering
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Abstract

Biodiesel production from non-edible feedstocks is currently drawing much attention due to legitimate concerns about the effects of using edible oil for fuel. Pangium edule Reinw is a non-edible feedstock. Pangium is a tall tree native to the Micronesia, Melanesia and the mangrove swamps of South-East Asia. In this study, biodiesel production and characterization from P. edule oil was reported. The seeds were obtained from Bogor, Indonesia. The oil was found to have an acid value of 19.62 mg KOH/g oil. Therefore, a two-step acid–base-catalysed transesterification was used to produce biodiesel. This was followed by evaluating the physical and chemical properties of biodiesel and its blends with diesel. It has been found that the determined properties of P. edule methyl ester indicate that the oil can be considered as a future biodiesel source. The most remarkable feature of P. edule is its cloud, pour and cold filter plugging points. This biodiesel yielded cloud, pour and cold filter plugging points of –6, –4 and –8 °C, respectively. This indicates the viability of using this biodiesel in cold countries. Therefore, it is suggested that more research should be conducted on P. edule for future biodiesel production.

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Abbreviations

CCMO:

Crude Croton megalocarpus L. oil

CIME:

Calophyllum inophyllum methyl ester

CMOO:

Crude Moringa oleifera L. oil

CN:

Cetane number

COME:

Coconut methyl ester

CPEO:

Crude Pangium edule oil

CPO:

Crude palm oil

CSO:

Crude soybean oil

EPEO:

Esterified Pangium edule oil

IV:

Iodine value

JCME:

Jatropha curcas methyl ester

MOME:

Moringa oleifera methyl ester

PME:

Palm oil methyl ester

PEME:

Pangium edule methyl ester

SN:

Saponification number

SME:

Soybean methyl ester

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey

    A. E. Atabani

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    A. E. Atabani, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, H. H. Masjuki & W. T. Chong

  3. Erciyes Teknopark A.Ş, Yeni Mahalle Aşıkveysel Bulvarı Erciyes Teknopark, Tekno 3 Binası 2, Kat No: 28, 38039, Melikgazi, Kayseri, Turkey

    A. E. Atabani

  4. School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Engineering Campus, Seri Ampangan, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

    Keat Teong Lee

Authors
  1. A. E. Atabani
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  2. Irfan Anjum Badruddin
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  3. H. H. Masjuki
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  4. W. T. Chong
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  5. Keat Teong Lee
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Correspondence to A. E. Atabani.

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Atabani, A.E., Badruddin, I.A., Masjuki, H.H. et al. Pangium edule Reinw: A Promising Non-edible Oil Feedstock for Biodiesel Production. Arab J Sci Eng 40, 583–594 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-014-1452-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-014-1452-5

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