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Fucoidan, a brown seaweed polysaccharide in nanodrug delivery

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Abstract

Fucoidan—a sulfated marine seaweed obtained from brown algae—has raised considerable interest in the scientific community over the last decade as it possesses a wide range of biological activities such as antioxidant, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, antithrombotic, anticarcinogenic, and immunoregulatory. This polysaccharide finds application as a drug delivery vehicle due to its non-cytotoxicity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Besides, nano biomedical systems have used this marine alga for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Fucoidan has been extensively studied for use in regenerative medicines, in wound healing, and for sustained drug delivery due to its large biodiversity, cost-effectiveness, and mild procedures for extraction and purification. However, the main concern that limits its application is the variance in its batch-to-batch extraction owing to species type, harvesting, and climatic factors. The current review encloses a compendious overview of the origin, chemical structure, and physicochemical and biological properties of fucoidan and its significant role in nanodrug delivery systems. Special emphasis is given to the recent advances in the use of native/modified fucoidan, its combination with chitosan and metal ions for nanodrug delivery applications, especially in cancer treatment. Additionally, use of fucoidan in human clinical trials as a complementary therapeutic agent is also reviewed.

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Fig. 1

Reproduced from Anisha GS, Padmakumari S, Patel AK, Pandey A, Singhania RR. Fucoidan from marine macroalgae: biological actions and applications in regenerative medicine, drug delivery systems and food industry. Bioengineering, 2022;9:472 [Ref. 17]. Copyright (2022) Open Access Article from MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Fig. 2

Reproduced from Mar. Drugs, Cunha, L; Grenha, A. Sulfated seaweed polysaccharides as multifunctional materials in drug delivery applications, pp. 42 (1–41) [Ref. 38]. Copyright (2016) Open Access Article from MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Fig. 3

Reproduced from Peng SL, Lai CH, Chu PY, Hsieh JT, Tseng YC, Chiu SC, Lin YH. (2020). Nanotheranostics with the combination of improved targeting, therapeutic effects, and molecular imaging. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2020;8:570,490. [Ref. 96]. Copyright (2020) Open Access from Frontiers, Lausanne, Switzerland

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the Department of Chemistry, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, for supporting this work.

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  1. Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India

    Archana George & Pranav S. Shrivastav

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Archana George: Resources, data collection, writing—original draft. Pranav S Shrivastav: Conceptualization, supervision, writing—critical reviewing and editing.

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George, A., Shrivastav, P.S. Fucoidan, a brown seaweed polysaccharide in nanodrug delivery. Drug Deliv. and Transl. Res. 13, 2427–2446 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13346-023-01329-4

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