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Effect of foam insertion in aneurysm sac on flow structures in parent lumen: relating vortex structures with disturbed shear

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Abstract

Numerous studies suggest that disturbed shear, causing endothelium dysfunction, can be related to neighboring vortex structures. With this motivation, this study presents a methodology to characterize the vortex structures. Precisely, we use mapping and characterization of vortex structures' changes to relate it with the hemodynamic indicators of disturbed shear. Topological features of vortex core lines (VCLs) are used to quantify the changes in vortex structures. We use the Sujudi-Haimes algorithm to extract the VCLs from the flow simulation results. The idea of relating vortex structures with disturbed shear is demonstrated for cerebral arteries with aneurysms virtually treated by inserting foam in the sac. To get physiologically realistic flow fields, we simulate blood flow in two patient-specific geometries before and after foam insertion, with realistic velocity waveform imposed at the inlet, using the Carreau-Yasuda model to mimic the shear-thinning behavior. With homogenous porous medium assumption, flow through the foam is modeled using the Forchheimer-Brinkman extended Darcy model. Results show that foam insertion increases the number of VCLs in the parent lumen. The average length of VCL increases by 168.9% and 55.6% in both geometries. For both geometries under consideration, results demonstrate that the region with increased disturbed shear lies in the same arterial segment exhibiting an increase in the number of oblique VCLs. Based on the findings, we conjecture that an increase in oblique VCLs is related to increased disturbed shear at the neighboring portion of the arterial wall.

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Abbreviations

WSS:

Wall shear stress

VCL:

Vortex core line

TAWSS:

Time-averaged wall shear stress

ΔTAWSS:

Change in time-averaged wall shear stress

TASWSS:

Time-averaged secondary wall shear stress

ΔTASWSS:

Change in time-averaged secondary wall shear stress

OSI:

Oscillating shear index

ΔOSI:

Change in oscillating shear index

SMP:

Shape memory polymer

UPL:

Upstream parent lumen

SBPL:

Sac base parent lumen

DPL:

Downstream parent lumen

EC:

Endothelial cell

PLC:

Parent lumen centerline

PC:

Principal cord

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Acknowledgements

The High-Performance Computing facility at the Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India, is gratefully acknowledged.

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  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Pawan Kumar Pandey & Malay Kumar Das

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  1. Pawan Kumar Pandey
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Correspondence to Malay Kumar Das.

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Pandey, P.K., Das, M.K. Effect of foam insertion in aneurysm sac on flow structures in parent lumen: relating vortex structures with disturbed shear. Phys Eng Sci Med 44, 1231–1248 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13246-021-01058-3

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