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The transportable elements, or transposons, are today considered essential components of many genomes. Because they move around the genome, transposons cause significant changes in genome organization and gene sequence. They can cause insertion/deletion of DNA and result in mutation. During the 1970s, it was discovered that they assisted in the transfer of bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Today it is also accepted that transposable elements may have played important roles in evolution.
Founder of modern genetics and the Nobel Prize winner Barbara McClintock was the first who proposed and experimentally confirmed the theory of jumping genes on corn stocks (plant cells). Her primary core of research was performed between 1944 and 1950 and was met with a great deal of scepticism at the time.
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Bezak, E. James Shapiro: Evolution: a view from the 21st century. Australas Phys Eng Sci Med 34, 643–645 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13246-011-0110-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13246-011-0110-4