Skip to main content
Log in

Some computations in string topology

  • Original Research
  • Published:
Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, we discuss Hochschild chain models for some of the string topology operations. We use these models to simplify the proofs and computations of some of the results in string topology. Along the way we also make some new observations. We further discuss how nonnilpotent local level homology classes with respect to the Chas–Sullivan and the Goresky–Hingston product detect closed geodesics with optimal index growth rates.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. George D. Birkhoff, Dynamical systems, With an addendum by Jurgen Moser. American Mathematical Society Colloquium Publications, Vol. IX, American Mathematical Society, Providence, R.I., 1966.

  2. Raoul Bott, Nondegenerate critical manifolds, Ann. of Math. (2) 60 (1954), 248–261.

  3. Raoul Bott, On the iteration of closed geodesics and the Sturm intersection theory, Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 9 (1956), 171–206.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. Keith Burns and Vladimir S. Matveev, Open problems and questions about geodesics, arXiv e-prints (2013), arXiv:1308.5417.

  5. Moira Chas and Dennis Sullivan, String Topology, arXiv Mathematics e-prints (1999), arXiv:math/9911159.

  6. Ralph L. Cohen and John D. S. Jones, A homotopy theoretic realization of string topology, Math. Ann. 324 (2002), no. 4, 773–798.

  7. Ralph L. Cohen and Matthias Schwarz, A Morse theoretic description of string topology, New perspectives and challenges in symplectic field theory, CRM Proc. Lecture Notes, vol. 49, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, RI, 2009, pp. 147–172.

  8. Mark Goresky and Nancy Hingston, Loop products and closed geodesics, Duke Math. J. 150 (2009), no. 1, 117–209.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Detlef Gromoll and Wolfgang Meyer, Periodic geodesics on compact riemannian manifolds, J. Differential Geom. 3 (1969), no. 3-4, 493–510.

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Nancy Hingston, On the growth of the number of closed geodesics on the two-sphere, Internat. Math. Res. Notices (1993), no. 9, 253–262.

  11. Nancy Hingston, On the lengths of closed geodesics on a two-sphere, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 125 (1997), no. 10, 3099–3106.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. John D. S. Jones, Cyclic homology and equivariant homology, Invent. Math. 87 (1987), no. 2, 403–423.

  13. Wilhelm Klingenberg, Lectures on closed geodesics, Springer-Verlag, Berlin-New York, 1978, Grundlehren der Mathematischen Wissenschaften, Vol. 230.

  14. Pascal Lambrechts and Don Stanley, The rational homotopy type of configuration spaces of two points, Ann. Inst. Fourier (Grenoble) 54 (2004), no. 4, 1029–1052.

  15. Pascal Lambrechts and Don Stanley, Poincaré duality and commutative differential graded algebras, Ann. Sci. Éc. Norm. Supér. (4) 41 (2008), no. 4, 495–509.

  16. L. A. Lyusternik and A. I. Fet, Variational problems on closed manifolds, Doklady Akad. Nauk SSSR (N.S.) 81 (1951), 17–18.

  17. S. A. Merkulov, De Rham model for string topology, Int. Math. Res. Not. (2004), no. 55, 2955–2981.

  18. Florian Naef and Thomas Willwacher, String topology and configuration spaces of two points, arXiv e-prints (2019), arXiv:1911.06202.

  19. Alexandru Oancea, Morse theory, closed geodesics, and the homology of free loop spaces, Free loop spaces in geometry and topology, IRMA Lect. Math. Theor. Phys., vol. 24, Eur. Math. Soc., Zürich, 2015, With an appendix by Umberto Hryniewicz, pp. 67–109.

  20. Richard S. Palais, Morse theory on Hilbert manifolds, Topology 2 (1963), 299–340.

  21. Hans-Bert Rademacher, On the average indices of closed geodesics, J. Differential Geom. 29 (1989), no. 1, 65–83.

  22. Dennis Sullivan, Open and closed string field theory interpreted in classical algebraic topology, Topology, geometry and quantum field theory, London Math. Soc. Lecture Note Ser., vol. 308, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 2004, pp. 344–357.

  23. Micheline Vigué-Poirrier and Dennis Sullivan, The homology theory of the closed geodesic problem, J. Differential Geometry 11 (1976), no. 4, 633–644.

  24. Wolfgang Ziller, The free loop space of globally symmetric spaces, Invent. Math. 41 (1977), no. 1, 1–22.

Download references

Acknowledgements

The author was supported by the National Board of Higher Mathematics (No. 2018/R &D-II/ 8872) during the academic year 2018–2019.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Arun Maiti.

Additional information

Communicated by Kaushal Verma.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Maiti, A. Some computations in string topology. Indian J Pure Appl Math 54, 996–1011 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13226-022-00306-w

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13226-022-00306-w

Keywords

Mathematics Subject Classification

Navigation