Abstract
Mucuna pruriens Linn. (M. pruriens), a leguminous plant, was used extensively in Ayurveda, to treat male-related infertility. Previous studies have demonstrated antioxidant, androgenic, aphrodisiac, and spermatogenic properties of M. pruriens seed extract. Surprisingly, the biological activities of M. pruriens on aging-induced pathological changes in the testis microenvironment have never been explored and the present study was focused on the testing therapeutic efficacy of M. pruriens on aged rat testis. Male Wistar albino rats were grouped as; adult (3 months), aged (24 months), aged + M. pruriens and adult + M. pruriens (N = 6/group). The extract was administrated at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight (dosage determined in our previous study) daily by gavage for 60 days. The total and free testosterone, FSH and LH levels were considerably increased in aged + M. pruriens. The diameter & volume of the seminiferous tubules, the height & volume of the epithelium, and the number of Leydig cells number were significantly decreased in aged rat testis, concomitantly connective tissue proportion was increased compared to adult rats. The seminiferous epithelium indicates significant rejuvenation or restoration of spermatogenic cells in aged + M. pruriens rat testis. The highlighting observations in aged + M. pruriens was increased in the following parameters i.e., tubular diameter (25%), number of tubules (35%), epithelial height (25%) & volume (20%), and number of Leydig cells (35%) when compared to untreated aged rat testis. The TNFα, NF-κB, cytochrome c, Caspase-9, Caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax, PARP iNOS, and inflammatory and apoptotic factors were downregulated in aged + M. pruriens. M. pruriens was able to restore spermatogenesis and enhance the activity of Sertoli cells and Leydig cells and improve the pituitary–gonadal axis in aged rat testis and observations indicate the therapeutic activity of M. pruriens in aged rat testis.
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PS: Conceived the study idea, methodology design, acquiring funding for the research, consolidating data, and writing the manuscript. KGM: Performed the experimental, data collection and statistical analysis. GL: Performed the experiment and consolidated data. MZIK: Performed the experiment and consolidated data. All authors participated in interpreting the results, reviewing drafts of the manuscript, and approving the final version of the manuscript submitted for publication. In addition, all authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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The study was approved by the Institutional Animal Ethical Committee (IAEC), Dr. ALMPGIBMS, University of Madras (IAEC Approval No. 04/02/2011). The quarantine procedures and animal maintenance were according to the recommendations of the Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA), India, and guidelines for laboratory animal facility in India. The manuscript does not contain data from any person. Data presented were from animal studies (approved by the Institutional Animal Ethical Committee (IAEC), Dr. ALM PGIBMS, University of Madras, Taramani—details given above) All the authors have given their consent for publishing.
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Ganesh, M.K., Lakshmanan, G., Khan, M.Z.I. et al. Aging induced testicular damage: analyzing the ameliorative potential of Mucuna pruriens seed extract. 3 Biotech 13, 206 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-023-03618-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-023-03618-8